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NVD / CVE Program· CNA redhat

CVE-2016-5423: PostgreSQL before 9.1.23, 9.2.x before 9.2.18, 9.3.x before 9.3.14, 9.4.x before 9.4.9, and 9.5.x before 9.5.4 allow remote authenticated…

HighCVSS 8.3 · v3.0—No exploit Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 35/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 5.9% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 93.4% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: postgresql-9.1 (Debian:7) 9.1.23-0+deb7u1; postgresql-9.4 (Debian:8) 9.4.9-0+deb8u1; postgresql (Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client) 0:9.2.18-1.el7.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to postgresql-9.1 (Debian:7) 9.1.23-0+deb7u1; postgresql-9.4 (Debian:8) 9.4.9-0+deb8u1; postgresql (Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client) 0:9.2.18-1.el7 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

PostgreSQL before 9.1.23, 9.2.x before 9.2.18, 9.3.x before 9.3.14, 9.4.x before 9.4.9, and 9.5.x before 9.5.4 allow remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and server crash), obtain sensitive memory information, or possibly execute arbitrary code via (1) a CASE expression within the test value subexpression of another CASE or (2) inlining of an SQL function that implements the equality operator used for a CASE expression involving values of different types.

Published
Dec 9, 2016
Updated
Jun 16, 2026
EPSS
5.9% · 93th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

35

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
33 / 40 · 8.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
2 / 30 · 5.9%

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  • A fix has been released

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When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
postgresqlpostgresql
debiandebian linux

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When you'll hear from us

  • when a new CVE affecting this product is published
  • when a record in your stack enters KEV or is weaponized

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits every 10 minutes on paid plans, on the hour on the free plan.

Is PostgreSQL on your server exposed to the internet?Run a port scan

Your free account also gets you

  • CVE alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools, at most 30 a day (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
  • All your scans in one panel: findings, what changed in the last scan, a report per domain or per client (PDF, share link)
All free tools

Sign up with email · Have an account? Sign in

Free account, no card. Unfollow any time.

Don't want an account? Get "Exploited this week" by email every Monday

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Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • postgresql postgresqlup to 9.1.22 inclusive
  • postgresql postgresql9.2
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.1
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.10
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.11
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.12
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.13
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.14
+12 more rows
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.15
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.16
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.17
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.2
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.3
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.4
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.5
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.6
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.7
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.8
  • postgresql postgresql9.2.9
  • postgresql postgresql9.3

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:7postgresql-9.1before 9.1.23-0+deb7u19.1.23-0+deb7u1
Debian:8postgresql-9.4before 9.4.9-0+deb8u19.4.9-0+deb8u1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresqlbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-contribbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-debuginfobefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-develbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-docsbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-libsbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-plperlbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-plpythonbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-pltclbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-serverbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-testbefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpostgresql-upgradebefore 0:9.2.18-1.el70:9.2.18-1.el7
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6rh-postgresql95-postgresqlbefore 0:9.5.7-2.el60:9.5.7-2.el6
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6rh-postgresql95-postgresql-contribbefore 0:9.5.7-2.el60:9.5.7-2.el6
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6rh-postgresql95-postgresql-debuginfobefore 0:9.5.7-2.el60:9.5.7-2.el6
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6rh-postgresql95-postgresql-libsbefore 0:9.5.7-2.el60:9.5.7-2.el6
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6rh-postgresql95-postgresql-pltclbefore 0:9.5.7-2.el60:9.5.7-2.el6
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6rh-postgresql95-postgresql-serverbefore 0:9.5.7-2.el60:9.5.7-2.el6
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6rh-postgresql95-runtimebefore 0:2.2-3.el60:2.2-3.el6
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6spacewalk-base-minimalbefore 0:2.3.2-35.el6sat0:2.3.2-35.el6sat
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6spacewalk-dobbybefore 0:2.3.2-35.el6sat0:2.3.2-35.el6sat
Red Hat:network_satellite_managed_db:5.7::el6spacewalk-postgresql-serverbefore 0:9.5-1.el6sat0:9.5-1.el6sat

+96

Same product

postgresql: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2017-7546PostgreSQL versions before 9.2.22, 9.3.18, 9.4.13, 9.5.8 and 9.6.4 are vulnerable to incorrect authentication flaw allowing remote…
    57Plan
  • CVE-2019-9193In PostgreSQL 9.3 through 11.2, the "COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM" function allows superusers and users in the 'pg_execute_server_program' group to…
    55Plan
  • CVE-2020-25695A flaw was found in PostgreSQL versions before 13.1, before 12.5, before 11.10, before 10.15, before 9.6.20 and before 9.5.24.
    49Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2016-2193Apr 11, 2016 · PostgreSQL before 9.5.x before 9.5.2 does not properly maintain row-security status in cached plans, which might allow attackers to bypass…
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2016-3065Apr 11, 2016 · The (1) brin_page_type and (2) brin_metapage_info functions in the pageinspect extension in PostgreSQL before 9.5.x before 9.5.2 allows…
    37Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2016-5424Dec 9, 2016 · PostgreSQL before 9.1.23, 9.2.x before 9.2.18, 9.3.x before 9.3.14, 9.4.x before 9.4.9, and 9.5.x before 9.5.4 might allow remote…
    29Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:postgresql-9.19.1.23-0+deb7u1 · Debian:7Package registry (OSV)
debian:postgresql-9.49.4.9-0+deb8u1 · Debian:8Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-contrib0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-debuginfo0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-devel0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-docs0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-libs0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-plperl0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-plpython0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-pltcl0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-server0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-static0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-postgresql94-postgresql-test0:9.4.9-1.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6Package registry (OSV)
suse:postgresql939.3.14-19.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:postgresql949.4.9-14.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP1Package registry (OSV)
suse:postgresql94-libs9.4.9-14.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP1Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

References

Show all references (15 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records