Multiple Cisco embedded devices use hardcoded X.509 certificates and SSH host keys embedded in the firmware, which allows remote attackers t
Multiple Cisco embedded devices use hardcoded X.509 certificates and SSH host keys embedded in the firmware, which allows remote attackers to defeat cryptographic protection mechanisms and conduct man-in-the-middle attacks by leveraging knowledge of these certificates and keys from another installation, aka Bug IDs CSCuw46610, CSCuw46620, CSCuw46637, CSCuw46654, CSCuw46665, CSCuw46672, CSCuw46677, CSCuw46682, CSCuw46705, CSCuw46716, CSCuw46979, CSCuw47005, CSCuw47028, CSCuw47040, CSCuw47048, CSCuw47061, CSCuw90860, CSCuw90869, CSCuw90875, CSCuw90881, CSCuw90899, and CSCuw90913.
- Published
- Oct 12, 2017
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 1.3% · 70th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-295
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Report tools
Action score
23
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 23 / 40 · 5.9 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 1.3%
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for the hundreds of thousands of vulnerabilities in the database; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| cisco | rv320 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:cisco:rv320_firmware |
| cisco | rv320 | cpe:2.3:h:cisco:rv320 |
| cisco | rv325 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:cisco:rv325_firmware |
| cisco | rv325 | cpe:2.3:h:cisco:rv325 |
| cisco | rvs4000 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:cisco:rvs4000_firmware |
| cisco | rvs4000 | cpe:2.3:h:cisco:rvs4000 |
| cisco | wrv210 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:cisco:wrv210_firmware |
| cisco | wrv210 | cpe:2.3:h:cisco:wrv210 |
| cisco | wap4410n firmware | cpe:2.3:o:cisco:wap4410n_firmware |
| cisco | wap4410n | cpe:2.3:h:cisco:wap4410n |
| cisco | wrv200 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:cisco:wrv200_firmware |
| cisco | wrv200 | cpe:2.3:h:cisco:wrv200 |
and 36 more
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- cisco pvc2300 firmwareup to 1.1.2.6 inclusive
- cisco rtp300 firmwareup to 3.1.24 inclusive
- cisco rv120w firmwareup to 1.0.5.9 inclusive
- cisco rv180 firmwareup to 1.0.5.4 inclusive
- cisco rv180w firmwareup to 1.0.5.4 inclusive
- cisco rv220w firmwareup to 1.0.4.17 inclusive
- cisco rv315w firmwareup to 1.01.03 inclusive
- cisco rv320 firmwareup to 1.3.1.10 inclusive
- cisco rv325 firmwareup to 1.3.1.10 inclusive
- cisco rvs4000 firmwareup to 2.0.3.4 inclusive
- cisco spa400 firmwareup to 1.1.2.2 inclusive
- cisco srp520 firmwareup to 1.01.29 inclusive
- cisco srp520-u firmwareup to 1.2.6 inclusive
- cisco srw224p firmwareup to 2.0.2.4 inclusive
- cisco wap200 firmwareup to 2.0.6.0 inclusive
- cisco wap2000 firmwareup to 2.0.8.0 inclusive
- cisco wap4400n firmwareup to - inclusive
- cisco wap4410n firmwareup to 2.0.7.8 inclusive
- cisco wet200 firmwareup to 2.0.8.0 inclusive
- cisco wrp500 firmwareup to 1.0.1.002 inclusive
Same product
cisco: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2019-1653Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Routers Information Disclosure VulnerabilityKEV90Now
- CVE-2019-1652Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Routers Command Injection VulnerabilityKEV87Now
- CVE-2023-20117Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Dual Gigabit WAN VPN Routers Command Injection Vulnerabilities37Monitor
- CVE-2023-20128Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Dual Gigabit WAN VPN Routers Command Injection Vulnerabilities37Monitor
- CVE-2019-1828Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Routers Weak Credential Encryption Vulnerability32Monitor
- CVE-2019-1827Cisco Small Business RV320 and RV325 Routers Online Help Reflected Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability24Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- none
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- None
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-295 · Improper Certificate ValidationCVSS vector
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
nvd-primary
Root cause
A certificate validation error is silently swallowed instead of terminating the connection. Often, code added for a test environment makes its way into production.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-295 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
override fun checkServerTrusted(chain: Array<X509Certificate>, type: String) { // Left empty for the test environment}Fixed
val client = OkHttpClient.Builder() .certificatePinner( CertificatePinner.Builder() .add("api.sirius.example", "sha256/…") .build() ).build()Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
—
Change log
No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.
References
- tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20151125-ci
- www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/566724
- www.securityfocus.com/bid/78047
- www.securitytracker.com/id/1034255
- www.securitytracker.com/id/1034256
- www.securitytracker.com/id/1034257
- www.securitytracker.com/id/1034258
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.