The MethodClosure class in runtime/MethodClosure.java in Apache Groovy 1.7.0 through 2.4.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code
The MethodClosure class in runtime/MethodClosure.java in Apache Groovy 1.7.0 through 2.4.3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service via a crafted serialized object.
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
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We use this product, ask for help- Published
- Aug 13, 2015
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 41.0% · 99th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-74
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Report tools
Action score
51
Plan
Add it to your regular patch cycle.
- CVSS
- 39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 12 / 30 · 41.0%
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| apache | groovy | cpe:2.3:a:apache:groovy |
| oracle | health sciences clinical development center | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:health_sciences_clinical_development_center |
| oracle | retail order broker cloud service | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_order_broker_cloud_service |
| oracle | retail service backbone | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_service_backbone |
| oracle | retail store inventory management | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_store_inventory_management |
| oracle | webcenter sites | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:webcenter_sites |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- apache groovy1.7.0
- apache groovy1.7.1
- apache groovy1.7.10
- apache groovy1.7.11
- apache groovy1.7.2
- apache groovy1.7.3
- apache groovy1.7.4
- apache groovy1.7.5
- apache groovy1.7.6
- apache groovy1.7.7
- apache groovy1.7.8
- apache groovy1.7.9
- apache groovy1.8.0
- apache groovy1.8.1
- apache groovy1.8.2
- apache groovy1.8.3
- apache groovy1.8.4
- apache groovy1.8.5
- apache groovy1.8.6
- apache groovy1.8.7
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | groovy | before 2.4.6-1 | 2.4.6-1 |
| Debian:6.0 | groovy | before 1.7.0-4+deb6u1 | 1.7.0-4+deb6u1 |
| Maven | org.codehaus.groovy:groovy | from 1.7.0 · before 2.4.4 | 2.4.4 |
| Maven | org.codehaus.groovy:groovy-all | from 1.7.0 · before 2.4.4 | 2.4.4 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | groovy | before 0:1.8.9-8.el7_4 | 0:1.8.9-8.el7_4 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | groovy-javadoc | before 0:1.8.9-8.el7_4 | 0:1.8.9-8.el7_4 |
| Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6 | rh-maven33-groovy | before 0:1.8.9-7.19.el6 | 0:1.8.9-7.19.el6 |
| Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6 | rh-maven33-groovy-javadoc | before 0:1.8.9-7.19.el6 | 0:1.8.9-7.19.el6 |
| Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el7 | rh-maven33-groovy | before 0:1.8.9-7.19.el7 | 0:1.8.9-7.19.el7 |
| Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el7 | rh-maven33-groovy-javadoc | before 0:1.8.9-7.19.el7 | 0:1.8.9-7.19.el7 |
Same product
apache: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2016-6814When an application with unsupported Codehaus versions of Groovy from 1.7.0 to 2.4.3, Apache Groovy 2.4.4 to 2.4.7 on classpath uses standar44Plan
- CVE-2020-17521Apache Groovy provides extension methods to aid with creating temporary directories.22Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| debian:groovy | 2.4.6-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| Maven:org.codehaus.groovy:groovy | 2.4.4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| Maven:org.codehaus.groovy:groovy-all | 2.4.4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:groovy | 0:1.8.9-8.el7_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:groovy-javadoc | 0:1.8.9-8.el7_4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:rh-maven33-groovy | 0:1.8.9-7.19.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:rh-maven33-groovy-javadoc | 0:1.8.9-7.19.el6 · Red Hat:rhel_software_collections:2::el6 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-74 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')CVSS vector
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment VariablesCAPEC-10likelihood: High · High
- Server Side Include (SSI) InjectionCAPEC-101likelihood: High · High
- HTTP Request SplittingCAPEC-105likelihood: Medium · High
- Command Line Execution through SQL InjectionCAPEC-108likelihood: Low · Very High
- Double EncodingCAPEC-120likelihood: Low · Medium
- Subverting Environment Variable ValuesCAPEC-13likelihood: High · Very High
- Format String InjectionCAPEC-135likelihood: High · High
- Client-side Injection-induced Buffer OverflowCAPEC-14likelihood: Medium · High
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- groovy-lang.org/security.html
- packetstormsecurity.com/files/132714/Apache-Groovy-2.4.3-Code-Execution.html
- rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-0066.html
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuapr2016v3-2985753.html
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujan2018-3236628.html
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2016-2881720.html
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2017-3236622.html
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2016-2881722.html
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2017-3236626.html
- www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/536012/100/0/threaded
- www.securityfocus.com/bid/75919
- www.securityfocus.com/bid/91787
- www.securitytracker.com/id/1034815
- www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-15-365/
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1376
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2486
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:2596
- h20566.www2.hpe.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c05324755
- lists.apache.org/thread.html/rbb8e16cc5acab183124572b655bdf5fe1d5b5f477dc267352426c7ed%40%3Cnotifications.shardingsphere.apache.org%3E
- security.gentoo.org/glsa/201610-01
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.