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CVE-2014-7809· NVD / CVE Program· CNA redhat

Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.x before 2.3.20 uses predictable <s:token/> values, which allows remote attackers to bypass the CSRF protect

Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.x before 2.3.20 uses predictable <s:token/> values, which allows remote attackers to bypass the CSRF protection mechanism.

MediumCVSS 6.8 · v2.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Dec 10, 2014
Updated
Jun 16, 2026
EPSS
3.5% · 89th percentile
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JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
27 / 40 · 6.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
1 / 30 · 3.5%

Affected systems

VendorProduct
apachestruts

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • apache struts2.0.0
  • apache struts2.0.1
  • apache struts2.0.10
  • apache struts2.0.11
  • apache struts2.0.11.1
  • apache struts2.0.11.2
  • apache struts2.0.12
  • apache struts2.0.13
  • apache struts2.0.14
  • apache struts2.0.2
  • apache struts2.0.3
  • apache struts2.0.4
  • apache struts2.0.5
  • apache struts2.0.6
  • apache struts2.0.7
  • apache struts2.0.8
  • apache struts2.0.9
  • apache struts2.1.0
  • apache struts2.1.1
  • apache struts2.1.2

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Mavenorg.apache.struts:struts2-corebefore 2.3.202.3.20

Same product

apache: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2017-9791The Struts 1 plugin in Apache Struts 2.1.x and 2.3.x might allow remote code execution via a malicious field value passed in a raw message tKEV
    99Now
  • CVE-2017-5638The Jakarta Multipart parser in Apache Struts 2 2.3.x before 2.3.32 and 2.5.x before 2.5.10.1 has incorrect exception handling and error-mesKEV
    99Now
  • CVE-2020-17530Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes, may lead to remote code execution.KEV
    98Now
  • CVE-2018-11776Apache Struts versions 2.3 to 2.3.34 and 2.5 to 2.5.16 suffer from possible Remote Code Execution when alwaysSelectFullNamespace is true (eiKEV
    92Now
  • CVE-2017-9805The REST Plugin in Apache Struts 2.1.1 through 2.3.x before 2.3.34 and 2.5.x before 2.5.13 uses an XStreamHandler with an instance of XStreaKEV
    92Now
  • CVE-2012-0391The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception haKEV
    92Now

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Maven:org.apache.struts:struts2-core2.3.20Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

    If successful

    Confidentiality
    P · data can be read
    Integrity
    P · data or configuration can be modified
    Availability
    P · the service can be disrupted
    Attack complexity
    M
    Confidentiality impact
    P
    Integrity impact
    P
    Availability impact
    P

    Weakness class (CWE)

    CWE-352 · Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

    CVSS vector

    AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

    nvd-primary

    Root cause

    State-changing requests rely on the session cookie the browser sends automatically; nothing verifies that the request came from the user’s own page.

    The bug in code

    The whole CWE-352 class

    A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

    Vulnerable

    ts
    app.use(session({ cookie: { httpOnly: true } }));app.post("/account/address", updateAddress);

    Fixed

    ts
    app.use(session({ cookie: { httpOnly: true, sameSite: "lax" } }));app.post("/account/address", csrfProtection, updateAddress);

    Attack context

    MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

    ATT&CK techniques

    —

    Noroxi analysis

    No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

    We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

    We use this product, ask for help

    Change log

    1. Fix✗ → ✓

    For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

    References

    Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

    All records