Apache Axis 1.4 and earlier, as used in PayPal Payments Pro, PayPal Mass Pay, PayPal Transactional Information SOAP, the Java Message Servic
Apache Axis 1.4 and earlier, as used in PayPal Payments Pro, PayPal Mass Pay, PayPal Transactional Information SOAP, the Java Message Service implementation in Apache ActiveMQ, and other products, does not verify that the server hostname matches a domain name in the subject's Common Name (CN) or subjectAltName field of the X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL servers via an arbitrary valid certificate.
- Published
- Nov 4, 2012
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 5.7% · 93th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-20
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Report tools
Action score
25
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 23 / 40 · 5.8 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 2 / 30 · 5.7%
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| apache | activemq | cpe:2.3:a:apache:activemq |
| apache | axis | cpe:2.3:a:apache:axis |
| paypal | mass pay | cpe:2.3:a:paypal:mass_pay |
| paypal | payments pro | cpe:2.3:a:paypal:payments_pro |
| paypal | transactional information soap | cpe:2.3:a:paypal:transactional_information_soap |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- apache activemqup to 5.7.0 inclusive
- apache axisup to 1.4 inclusive
- apache axisall versions
- apache axis1.0
- apache axis1.1
- apache axis1.2
- apache axis1.2.1
- apache axis1.3
- paypal mass payall versions
- paypal payments proall versions
- paypal transactional information soapall versions
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | axis | before 1.4-16.1 | 1.4-16.1 |
| Debian:6.0 | axis | before 1.4-12+deb6u1 | 1.4-12+deb6u1 |
| Maven | axis:axis | up to and including 1.4 | — |
| Maven | org.apache.axis:axis | up to and including 1.4 | — |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.0 | axis | before 1.4-lp150.9.1 | 1.4-lp150.9.1 |
| Red Hat:developer_toolset:2.1::el6 | devtoolset-2-axis | before 0:1.4-23.el6 | 0:1.4-23.el6 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | axis | before 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 | 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | axis-debuginfo | before 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 | 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | axis-javadoc | before 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 | 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | axis-manual | before 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 | 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | axis | before 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 | 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | axis-javadoc | before 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 | 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | axis-manual | before 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 | 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 |
| Red Hat:rhev_manager:3 | jasperreports-server-pro | before 0:5.5.0-4.el6ev | 0:5.5.0-4.el6ev |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 | axis | before 1.4-5.8.1 | 1.4-5.8.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3 | axis | before 1.4-290.6.1 | 1.4-290.6.1 |
Same product
apache: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2023-46604Apache ActiveMQ, Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module: Unbounded deserialization causes ActiveMQ to be vulnerable to a remote code execution (RCE) attackKEV99Now
- CVE-2016-3088The Fileserver web application in Apache ActiveMQ 5.x before 5.14.0 allows remote attackers to upload and execute arbitrary files via an HTTKEV99Now
- CVE-2026-34197Apache ActiveMQ Broker, Apache ActiveMQ All, Apache ActiveMQ: Authenticated users could perform RCE via Jolokia MBeansKEV70This week
- CVE-2022-41678Apache ActiveMQ: Insufficient API restrictions on Jolokia allow authenticated users to perform RCE61This week
- CVE-2020-11998A regression has been introduced in the commit preventing JMX re-bind.54Plan
- CVE-2015-5254Apache ActiveMQ 5.x before 5.13.0 does not restrict the classes that can be serialized in the broker, which allows remote attackers to execu50Plan
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| debian:axis | 1.4-16.1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:axis | 1.4-lp150.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:axis | 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:axis-debuginfo | 0:1.2.1-2jpp.7.el5_9 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:axis-javadoc | 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:axis-manual | 0:1.2.1-7.3.el6_3 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:6::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:devtoolset-2-axis | 0:1.4-23.el6 · Red Hat:developer_toolset:2.1::el6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:jasperreports-server-pro | 0:5.5.0-4.el6ev · Red Hat:rhev_manager:3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:axis | 1.4-5.8.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.
Technical details
Attack conditions
If successful
- Confidentiality
- P · data can be read
- Integrity
- P · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- none
- Attack complexity
- M
- Confidentiality impact
- P
- Integrity impact
- P
- Availability impact
- None
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-20 · Improper Input ValidationCVSS vector
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment VariablesCAPEC-10likelihood: High · High
- Server Side Include (SSI) InjectionCAPEC-101likelihood: High · High
- Cross Zone ScriptingCAPEC-104likelihood: Medium · High
- Command Line Execution through SQL InjectionCAPEC-108likelihood: Low · Very High
- Object Relational Mapping InjectionCAPEC-109likelihood: Low · High
- SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter TamperingCAPEC-110likelihood: High · Very High
- Double EncodingCAPEC-120likelihood: Low · Medium
- Subverting Environment Variable ValuesCAPEC-13likelihood: High · Very High
ATT&CK techniques
- Obfuscated Files or InformationT1027
- Masquerading: Invalid Code SignatureT1036.001
- Steal Web Session CookieT1539
- Subvert Trust Controls: Code SigningT1553.002
- Impair Defenses:Impair Command History LoggingT1562.003
- Hijack Execution Flow:Dynamic Linker HijackingT1574.006
- Hijack Execution Flow:Path Interception by PATH Environment VariableT1574.007
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00007.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00022.html
- rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0269.html
- rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0683.html
- rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2014-0037.html
- secunia.com/advisories/51219
- www.securityfocus.com/bid/56408
- exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/79829
- lists.apache.org/thread.html/44d4e88a5fa8ae60deb752029afe9054da87c5f859caf296fcf585e5%40%3Cjava-dev.axis.apache.org%3E
- lists.apache.org/thread.html/5e6c92145deddcecf70c3604041dcbd615efa2d37632fc2b9c367780%40%3Cjava-dev.axis.apache.org%3E
- lists.apache.org/thread.html/8aa25c99eeb0693fc229ec87d1423b5ed5d58558618706d8aba1d832%40%3Cjava-dev.axis.apache.org%3E
- lists.apache.org/thread.html/a308887782e05da7cf692e4851ae2bd429a038570cbf594e6631cc8d%40%3Cjava-dev.axis.apache.org%3E
- lists.apache.org/thread.html/de2af12dcaba653d02b03235327ca4aa930401813a3cced8e151d29c%40%3Cjava-dev.axis.apache.org%3E
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.