freeciv 2.2 before 2.2.1 and 2.3 before 2.3.0 allows attackers to read arbitrary files or execute arbitrary commands via a scenario that con

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

• freeciv freeciv2.2.0
• freeciv freeciv2.3.0

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

• CVE-2022-39047Freeciv before 2.6.7 and before 3.0.3 is prone to a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Modpack Installer utility's handling of the modpack
  35Monitor
• CVE-2026-90556Freeciv before 3.2.6 Heap Buffer Overflow via worklist_load
  34Monitor
• CVE-2012-6083Freeciv before 2.3.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted packet.
  34Monitor
• CVE-2006-3913Buffer overflow in Freeciv 2.1.0-beta1 and earlier, and SVN 15 Jul 2006 and earlier, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (c
  32Monitor
• CVE-2012-5645A denial of service flaw was found in the way the server component of Freeciv before 2.3.4 processed certain packets.
  31Monitor
• CVE-2026-90557Freeciv 3.1.0 through 3.2.5 Out-of-Bounds Read via Savegame
  27Monitor

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Root cause

User input is inserted as text into a shell command. The shell may interpret special characters in the input as part of the command.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

1const host = req.body.host;2exec("ping -c 1 " + host, onResult);

1const host = req.body.host;2if (!/^[a-z0-9.-]{1,253}$/i.test(host)) return res.sendStatus(400);3execFile("ping", ["-c", "1", host], onResult);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.