The TCP implementation in (1) Linux, (2) platforms based on BSD Unix, (3) Microsoft Windows, (4) Cisco products, and probably other operatin
The TCP implementation in (1) Linux, (2) platforms based on BSD Unix, (3) Microsoft Windows, (4) Cisco products, and probably other operating systems allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (connection queue exhaustion) via multiple vectors that manipulate information in the TCP state table, as demonstrated by sockstress.
- Published
- Oct 20, 2008
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 32.1% · 98th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-16
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Report tools
Action score
38
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 28 / 40 · 7.1 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 10 / 30 · 32.1%
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| bsd | bsd | cpe:2.3:o:bsd:bsd |
| bsdi | bsd os | cpe:2.3:o:bsdi:bsd_os |
| cisco | ios | cpe:2.3:o:cisco:ios |
| dragonflybsd | dragonflybsd | cpe:2.3:o:dragonflybsd:dragonflybsd |
| freebsd | freebsd | cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd |
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
| midnightbsd | midnightbsd | cpe:2.3:o:midnightbsd:midnightbsd |
| netbsd | netbsd | cpe:2.3:o:netbsd:netbsd |
| openbsd | openbsd | cpe:2.3:o:openbsd:openbsd |
| trustedbsd | trustedbsd | cpe:2.3:o:trustedbsd:trustedbsd |
| microsoft | windows 2000 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_2000 |
| microsoft | windows server 2003 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2003 |
and 10 more
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- microsoft windows server 2003all versions
- microsoft windows server 2008all versions
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | all versions | — |
Same product
bsd: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2001-0670Buffer overflow in BSD line printer daemon (in.lpd or lpd) in various BSD-based operating systems allows remote attackers to execute arbitra32Monitor
- CVE-1999-1471Buffer overflow in passwd in BSD based operating systems 4.3 and earlier allows local users to gain root privileges by specifying a long she28Monitor
- CVE-2014-7250The TCP stack in 4.3BSD Net/2, as used in FreeBSD 5.4, NetBSD possibly 2.0, and OpenBSD possibly 3.6, does not properly implement the sessio21Monitor
- CVE-1999-1098Vulnerability in BSD Telnet client with encryption and Kerberos 4 authentication allows remote attackers to decrypt the session via sniffing20Monitor
- CVE-1999-1102lpr on SunOS 4.1.1, BSD 4.3, A/UX 2.0.1, and other BSD-based operating systems allows local users to create or overwrite arbitrary files via8Monitor
- CVE-1999-1394BSD 4.4 based operating systems, when running at security level 1, allow the root user to clear the immutable and append-only flags for file8Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.
Exploit status
Proof of concept available
A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.
Evidence
- Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1
Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.
| Source | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:17 | 2016-05-06 |
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
- Published
- First PoC+2754 d
- TodaySep 30, 2026+6554 d
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
If successful
- Confidentiality
- none
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- C · the service can be disrupted
- Attack complexity
- M
- Confidentiality impact
- None
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- C
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-16 · ConfigurationCVSS vector
AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.
References
- blog.robertlee.name/2008/10/conjecture-speculation.html
- insecure.org/stf/tcp-dos-attack-explained.html
- lists.immunitysec.com/pipermail/dailydave/2008-October/005360.html
- marc.info/?l=bugtraq&m=125856010926699&w=2
- searchsecurity.techtarget.com.au/articles/27154-TCP-is-fundamentally-borked
- www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_advisory09186a0080af511d.shtml
- www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_response09186a0080a15120.html
- www.cpni.gov.uk/Docs/tn-03-09-security-assessment-TCP.pdf
- www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2013:150
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujul2012-392727.html
- www.outpost24.com/news/news-2008-10-02.html
- www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA09-251A.html
- docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2009/ms09-048
- oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A6340
- www.cert.fi/haavoittuvuudet/2008/tcp-vulnerabilities.html
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.