btrfs: reject invalid reloc tree root keys with stack dump
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: reject invalid reloc tree root keys with stack dump [BUG] Syzbot reported a crash that an ASSERT() got triggered inside prepare_to_merge(). That ASSERT() makes sure the reloc tree is properly pointed back by its subvolume tree. [CAUSE] After more debugging output, it turns out we had an invalid reloc tree: BTRFS error (device loop1): reloc tree mismatch, root 8 has no reloc root, expect reloc root key (-8, 132, 8) gen 17 Note the above root key is (TREE_RELOC_OBJECTID, ROOT_ITEM, QUOTA_TREE_OBJECTID), meaning it's a reloc tree for quota tree. But reloc trees can only exist for subvolumes, as for non-subvolume trees, we just COW the involved tree block, no need to create a reloc tree since those tree blocks won't be shared with other trees. Only subvolumes tree can share tree blocks with other trees (thus they have BTRFS_ROOT_SHAREABLE flag). Thus this new debug output proves my previous assumption that corrupted on-disk data can trigger that ASSERT(). [FIX] Besides the dedicated fix and the graceful exit, also let tree-checker to check such root keys, to make sure reloc trees can only exist for subvolumes.
Noroxi analysis
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We use this product, ask for help- Published
- Oct 7, 2025
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.2% · 8th percentile
- CWE
- —
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Report tools
Action score
22
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.2%
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- linux linux kernel5.2.19 and later · before 5.3
- linux linux kernel5.3.4 and later · before 5.15.127
- linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.46
- linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.4.11
- linux linux kernel6.5
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Linux Linux
- 3d95c52d789ca99e344061d7f6dadb2519adbcf5, fba904d68c8bbfcc89c2210cfcb2351be90bc3e5, 5.4affected
- 259ee7754b6793af8bdd77f9ca818bc41cfe9541 and later · before 314135b7bae9618a317874ae195272682cf2d5d4affected · git
- 259ee7754b6793af8bdd77f9ca818bc41cfe9541 and later · before 3ae93b316ca4b8b3c33798ef1d210355f2fb9318affected · git
- 259ee7754b6793af8bdd77f9ca818bc41cfe9541 and later · before 84256e00eeca73c529fc6196e478cc89b8098157affected · git
- 259ee7754b6793af8bdd77f9ca818bc41cfe9541 and later · before 6ebcd021c92b8e4b904552e4d87283032100796daffected · git
- 5.2.19 and later · before 5.3affected · semver
- 5.3.4 and later · before 5.4affected · semver
- before 5.4not affected · semver
- 5.15.127 and later · up to and including 5.15.*not affected · semver
- 6.1.46 and later · up to and including 6.1.*not affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | before 6.1.52-1 | 6.1.52-1 |
| Debian:13 | linux | before 6.4.11-1 | 6.4.11-1 |
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV89Now
- CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV85Now
- CVE-2016-5195Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect haKEV83Now
- CVE-2019-13272In the Linux kernel before 5.1.17, ptrace_link in kernel/ptrace.c mishandles the recording of the credentials of a process that wants to creKEV77This week
- CVE-2013-6282The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the v6k and v7 ARM platforms do not validate certain addKEV77This week
- CVE-2013-2094The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9 uses an incorrect integer data type, which allows loKEV77This week
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | 314135b7bae9618a317874ae195272682cf2d5d4 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 3ae93b316ca4b8b3c33798ef1d210355f2fb9318 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 5.3 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 5.4 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 6ebcd021c92b8e4b904552e4d87283032100796d | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 84256e00eeca73c529fc6196e478cc89b8098157 | Vendor (CNA) |
| debian:linux | 6.1.52-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- none
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- None
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
—
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/314135b7bae9618a317874ae195272682cf2d5d4
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ae93b316ca4b8b3c33798ef1d210355f2fb9318
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/6ebcd021c92b8e4b904552e4d87283032100796d
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/84256e00eeca73c529fc6196e478cc89b8098157
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.