Polkit: polkit: denial of service via unbounded input processing through standard input
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.15% (FIRST EPSS).
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- Fixed version: azl3 polkit 123-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 123-4; azl3 polkit 123-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 123-4; cbl2 polkit 0.119-4 on CBL Mariner 2.0 0.119-5.
Low priority for now. Upgrade to azl3 polkit 123-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 123-4; azl3 polkit 123-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 123-4; cbl2 polkit 0.119-4 on CBL Mariner 2.0 0.119-5 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
A flaw was found in polkit. A local user can exploit this by providing a specially crafted, excessively long input to the `polkit-agent-helper-1` setuid binary via standard input (stdin). This unbounded input can lead to an out-of-memory (OOM) condition, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS) for the system.
- Published
- Mar 26, 2026
- Updated
- Sep 10, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.1% · 3th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-770
Report tools
Action score
22
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.1%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · redhat
- 5.5
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| freedesktop | polkit | cpe:2.3:a:freedesktop:polkit |
| redhat | openshift container platform | cpe:2.3:a:redhat:openshift_container_platform |
| redhat | enterprise linux | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- freedesktop polkitall versions
- redhat enterprise linux10.0
- redhat enterprise linux6.0
- redhat enterprise linux7.0
- redhat enterprise linux8.0
- redhat enterprise linux9.0
- redhat openshift container platform4.0
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (redhat). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- 0:125-4.el10_2.1 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- all versionsaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- all versionsaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- all versionsaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
- all versionsaffected
Red Hat Red Hat Hardened Images
- 127-5.1.hum1 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4
- all versionsaffected
- all versionsaffected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlmaLinux:10 | polkit | before 125-4.el10_2.1 | 125-4.el10_2.1 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | polkit-devel | before 125-4.el10_2.1 | 125-4.el10_2.1 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | polkit-docs | before 125-4.el10_2.1 | 125-4.el10_2.1 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | polkit-libs | before 125-4.el10_2.1 | 125-4.el10_2.1 |
| Debian:12 | policykit-1 | from 0 | — |
| Debian:14 | policykit-1 | before 127-3 | 127-3 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | polkit | before 123-160000.3.1 | 123-160000.3.1 |
| openSUSE:Tumbleweed | polkit | before 127-3.1 | 127-3.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | polkit | before 0:125-4.el10_2.1 | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | polkit-debuginfo | before 0:125-4.el10_2.1 | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | polkit-debugsource | before 0:125-4.el10_2.1 | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | polkit-devel | before 0:125-4.el10_2.1 | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | polkit-docs | before 0:125-4.el10_2.1 | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | polkit-libs | before 0:125-4.el10_2.1 | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | polkit-libs-debuginfo | before 0:125-4.el10_2.1 | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 |
| Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | polkit | before 0:127-5.1.hum1 | 0:127-5.1.hum1 |
| Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | polkit-devel | before 0:127-5.1.hum1 | 0:127-5.1.hum1 |
| Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | polkit-docs | before 0:127-5.1.hum1 | 0:127-5.1.hum1 |
| Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | polkit-libs | before 0:127-5.1.hum1 | 0:127-5.1.hum1 |
| Rocky Linux:10 | polkit | before 0:125-4.el10_2.1 | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | polkit | before 121-150500.3.11.1 | 121-150500.3.11.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | polkit | before 121-150500.3.11.1 | 121-150500.3.11.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5 | polkit | before 0.113-5.35.1 | 0.113-5.35.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0 | polkit | before 121-4.1 | 121-4.1 |
+3
Same product
freedesktop: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2016-2568pkexec, when used with --user nonpriv, allows local users to escape to the parent session via a crafted TIOCSTI ioctl call, which pushes cha31Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| azl3 polkit 123-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 123-4 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| azl3 polkit 123-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 123-4 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| cbl2 polkit 0.119-4 on CBL Mariner 2.0 | 0.119-5 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| cbl2 polkit 0.119-4 on CBL-Mariner 2.0 | 0.119-5 · Release Notes | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| almalinux:polkit | 125-4.el10_2.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:polkit-devel | 125-4.el10_2.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:polkit-docs | 125-4.el10_2.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:polkit-libs | 125-4.el10_2.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:policykit-1 | 127-3 · Debian:14 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:polkit | 121-150500.3.11.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:polkit | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:polkit-debuginfo | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:polkit-debugsource | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:polkit-devel | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:polkit-docs | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:polkit-libs | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:polkit-libs-debuginfo | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| rocky linux:polkit | 0:125-4.el10_2.1 · Rocky Linux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:expat | 2.7.1-160000.5.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:polkit | 121-150500.3.11.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- none
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- None
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-770 · Allocation of Resources Without Limits or ThrottlingCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
nvd-secondary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- FloodingCAPEC-125likelihood: High · Medium
- Excessive AllocationCAPEC-130likelihood: Medium · Medium
- XML Ping of the DeathCAPEC-147likelihood: Low · Medium
- Exponential Data ExpansionCAPEC-197likelihood: High · Medium
- Serialized Data Parameter BlowupCAPEC-229likelihood: High · High
- Serialized Data with Nested PayloadsCAPEC-230likelihood: Medium · High
- Oversized Serialized Data PayloadsCAPEC-231likelihood: Medium · High
- HTTP DoSCAPEC-469Low
ATT&CK techniques
- Network Denial of Service:Direct Network FloodT1498.001
- Network Denial of Service:Reflection AmplificationT1498.002
- Endpoint Denial of ServiceT1499
- Endpoint Denial of Service: OS Exhaustion FloodT1499.001
- Endpoint Denial of Service:Service Exhaustion FloodT1499.002
- Endpoint Denial of Service:Application Exhaustion FloodT1499.003
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
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References
Show all references (3 more)Show less
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.