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CVE-2023-4828· NVD / CVE Program· CNA Proofpoint

ITM Server Communications Hijack

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 16/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.35% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: Proofpoint ITM Server 7.14.3.69.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 6.4, NVD 4.2.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Proofpoint ITM Server 7.14.3.69 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

An improper check for an exceptional condition in the Insider Threat Management (ITM) Server could be used by an attacker to change the server's configuration of any already-registered agent so that the agent sends all future communications to an attacker-chosen URL. This could result in disclosure of sensitive data events from the agent about the personally identifiable information (PII) and intellectual property it monitors, and all such data could be altered or deleted before reaching the ITM Server. An attacker must first successfully obtain valid agent credentials and agent hostname. All versions prior to 7.14.3.69 are affected.

MediumCVSS 4.2 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 13, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 28th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

16

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
16 / 40 · 4.2 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
4.2
CNA · Proofpoint
6.4
2.2 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-4828

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
proofpointinsider threat management

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • proofpoint insider threat managementbefore 7.14.3.69

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Proofpoint). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Proofpoint ITM Server

    • up to and including 7.14.3affected · semverfixed in 7.14.3.69

Same product

proofpoint: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2020-8884rcdsvc in the Proofpoint Insider Threat Management Windows Agent (formerly ObserveIT Windows Agent) before 7.9 allows remote authenticated u
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2021-27900The Proofpoint Insider Threat Management Server (formerly ObserveIT Server) is missing an authorization check on several pages in the Web Co
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2022-25294Proofpoint Insider Threat Management Agent for Windows relies on an inherently dangerous function that could enable an unprivileged local Wi
    31Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-4801Sep 13, 2023 · ITM MacOS Agent Improper Certificate Validation
    30Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-4802Sep 13, 2023 · ITM Server Cross-site Scripting in UpdateInstalledSoftware Endpoint
    19Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-4803Sep 13, 2023 · ITM Server Cross-site Scripting in WriteWindowTitle Endpoint
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Proofpoint ITM Server7.14.3.69Vendor (CNA)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-754 · Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records