The affected TBox RTUs generate software security tokens using insufficient entropy.
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 23/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.51% (FIRST EPSS).
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
- According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.
Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
The affected TBox RTUs generate software security tokens using insufficient entropy. The random seed used to generate the software tokens is not initialized correctly, and other parts of the token are generated using predictable time-based values. An attacker with this knowledge could successfully brute force the token and authenticate themselves.
- Published
- Jul 3, 2023
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.5% · 42th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-331
Report tools
Action score
23
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 23 / 40 · 5.9 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.5%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- 5.9
- CNA · icscert
- 5.9
- agree
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- No fixed version yet
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| ovarro | tbox ms-cpu32 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:ovarro:tbox_ms-cpu32_firmware |
| ovarro | tbox ms-cpu32 | cpe:2.3:h:ovarro:tbox_ms-cpu32 |
| ovarro | tbox ms-cpu32-s2 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:ovarro:tbox_ms-cpu32-s2_firmware |
| ovarro | tbox ms-cpu32-s2 | cpe:2.3:h:ovarro:tbox_ms-cpu32-s2 |
| ovarro | tbox lt2 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:ovarro:tbox_lt2_firmware |
| ovarro | tbox lt2 | cpe:2.3:h:ovarro:tbox_lt2 |
| ovarro | tbox tg2 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:ovarro:tbox_tg2_firmware |
| ovarro | tbox tg2 | cpe:2.3:h:ovarro:tbox_tg2 |
| ovarro | tbox rm2 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:ovarro:tbox_rm2_firmware |
| ovarro | tbox rm2 | cpe:2.3:h:ovarro:tbox_rm2 |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- ovarro tbox lt2 firmwareup to 1.50.598 inclusive
- ovarro tbox ms-cpu32 firmwareup to 1.50.598 inclusive
- ovarro tbox ms-cpu32-s2 firmwareup to 1.50.598 inclusive
- ovarro tbox rm2 firmwareup to 1.50.598 inclusive
- ovarro tbox tg2 firmwareup to 1.50.598 inclusive
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (icscert). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Ovarro TBox LT2
- up to and including 1.50.598affected
Ovarro TBox MS-CPU32
- up to and including 1.50.598affected
Ovarro TBox MS-CPU32-S2
- up to and including 1.50.598affected
Ovarro TBox RM2
- up to and including 1.50.598affected
Ovarro TBox TG2
- up to and including 1.50.598affected
Same product
ovarro: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2023-36609
The affected TBox RTUs run OpenVPN with root privileges and can run user defined configuration scripts.28Monitor
- CVE-2023-3395
All versions of the TWinSoft Configuration Tool store encrypted passwords as plaintext in memory.26Monitor
- CVE-2023-36611
The affected TBox RTUs allow low privilege users to access software security tokens of higher privilege.26Monitor
- CVE-2023-36608
The affected TBox RTUs store hashed passwords using MD5 encryption, which is an insecure encryption algorithm.26Monitor
- CVE-2023-36607The affected TBox RTUs are missing authorization for running some API commands.21Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
- Jeroen Wijenberghfinder
- Radboud Universityreporter
- Floris HendriksRadboud University reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.finder
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- none
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- None
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-331 · Insufficient EntropyCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
—
Change log
No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.
References
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.