Incorrect comparison vulnerability in GitHub Enterprise Server leading to commit smuggling
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.58% (FIRST EPSS).
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- Fixed version: GitHub Enterprise Server 3.7.9, 3.8.2, 3.9.1.
- Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 4.8, NVD 7.1.
- Mentioned 1 time in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).
Low priority for now. Upgrade to GitHub Enterprise Server 3.7.9, 3.8.2, 3.9.1 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
An incorrect comparison vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed commit smuggling by displaying an incorrect diff within the GitHub pull request UI. To do so, an attacker would need write access to the repository. This vulnerability affected GitHub Enterprise Server versions 3.7.0 and above and was fixed in versions 3.7.9, 3.8.2, and 3.9.1. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
- Published
- Jul 27, 2023
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.5% · 46th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-697
Report tools
Action score
28
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 28 / 40 · 7.1 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.5%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- 7.1
- CNA · GitHub_P
- 4.8
- 2.3 point gap
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| github | enterprise server | cpe:2.3:a:github:enterprise_server |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- github enterprise server3.7.0 and later · before 3.7.9
- github enterprise server3.8.0 and later · before 3.8.2
- github enterprise server3.9.0
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_P). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
GitHub Enterprise Server
- 3.7.0 and later · before 3.7.9affected · 3.7.9
- 3.8.0 and later · before 3.8.2affected · 3.8.2
- 3.9.0 and later · before 3.9.1affected · 3.9.1
Same product
github: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2024-0200Unsafe Reflection in Github Enterprise Server leading to Command Injection61This week
- CVE-2024-0507Privilege Escalation by Code Injection in the Management Console in GitHub Enterprise Server55Plan
- CVE-2024-9487An Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed SAML SSO authentication to be bypassed46Plan
- CVE-2024-4985An authentication bypass vulnerability was present in the GitHub Enterprise Server (GHES) when utilizing SAML single sign-on authentication 41Plan
- CVE-2022-23739Incorrect authorization check in GitHub Enterprise Server leading to escalation of privileges in GraphQL API requests from GitHub Apps using scoped user-to-serv39Monitor
- CVE-2022-46255Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory in GitHub Enterprise Server leading to RCE39Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| GitHub Enterprise Server | 3.7.9 | Vendor (CNA) |
| GitHub Enterprise Server | 3.8.2 | Vendor (CNA) |
| GitHub Enterprise Server | 3.9.1 | Vendor (CNA) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
- inspector-ambitiousfinder
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.
National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)
Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.
- TR-23-0432 · Jul 28, 2023(GitHub Zafiyeti)
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- low · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- none
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- Low
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- None
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-697 · Incorrect ComparisonCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment VariablesCAPEC-10likelihood: High · High
- Double EncodingCAPEC-120likelihood: Low · Medium
- Client-side Injection-induced Buffer OverflowCAPEC-14likelihood: Medium · High
- Command DelimitersCAPEC-15likelihood: High · High
- Flash InjectionCAPEC-182likelihood: High · Medium
- Filter Failure through Buffer OverflowCAPEC-24likelihood: High · High
- Leverage Alternate EncodingCAPEC-267likelihood: High · High
- Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input FiltersCAPEC-3likelihood: Medium · Medium
ATT&CK techniques
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
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References
Show all references (2 more)Show less
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.