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CVE-2023-0465· NVD / CVE Program· CNA openssl

Invalid certificate policies in leaf certificates are silently ignored

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.7% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 77.7% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: OpenSSL OpenSSL 3.0.9, 3.1.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to OpenSSL OpenSSL 3.0.9, 3.1.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Applications that use a non-default option when verifying certificates may be vulnerable to an attack from a malicious CA to circumvent certain checks. Invalid certificate policies in leaf certificates are silently ignored by OpenSSL and other certificate policy checks are skipped for that certificate. A malicious CA could use this to deliberately assert invalid certificate policies in order to circumvent policy checking on the certificate altogether. Policy processing is disabled by default but can be enabled by passing the `-policy' argument to the command line utilities or by calling the `X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_policies()' function.

MediumCVSS 5.3 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Mar 28, 2023
Updated
Oct 14, 2026
EPSS
1.7% · 77th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
21 / 40 · 5.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
1 / 30 · 1.7%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.3
CNA · openssl
5.3
agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-0465

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
opensslopenssl

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • openssl openssl1.0.2 and later · before 1.0.2zh
  • openssl openssl1.1.1 and later · before 1.1.1u
  • openssl openssl3.0.0 and later · before 3.0.9
  • openssl openssl3.1.0 and later · before 3.1.1

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (openssl). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • OpenSSL OpenSSL

    • 3.1.0 and later · before 3.1.1affected · semver
    • 3.0.0 and later · before 3.0.9affected · semver
    • 1.1.1 and later · before 1.1.1uaffected
    • 1.0.2 and later · before 1.0.2zhaffected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:9opensslbefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
AlmaLinux:9openssl-develbefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
AlmaLinux:9openssl-libsbefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
AlmaLinux:9openssl-perlbefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
Alpine:v3.14opensslfrom 1.0.2 · before 1.1.1t-r21.1.1t-r2
Alpine:v3.15openssl3before 3.0.8-r23.0.8-r2
Alpine:v3.17opensslfrom 1.0.2 · before 3.0.8-r23.0.8-r2
Alpine:v3.18opensslfrom 1.0.2 · before 3.1.0-r23.1.0-r2
Debian:10opensslbefore 1.1.1n-0+deb10u51.1.1n-0+deb10u5
Debian:11opensslbefore 1.1.1n-0+deb11u51.1.1n-0+deb11u5
Debian:12opensslbefore 3.0.9-13.0.9-1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedopenssl-1_0_0before 1.0.2u-15.11.0.2u-15.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedopenssl-1_1before 1.1.1t-3.11.1.1t-3.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedopenssl-3before 3.1.1-1.13.1.1-1.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamopenssl-debuginfobefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamopenssl-debugsourcebefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamopenssl-develbefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamopenssl-libs-debuginfobefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamopenssl-perlbefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseosopensslbefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseosopenssl-libsbefore 1:3.0.7-16.el9_21:3.0.7-16.el9_2
Red Hat:jboss_core_services:1::el7jbcs-httpd24-curlbefore 0:8.4.0-2.el7jbcs0:8.4.0-2.el7jbcs
Red Hat:jboss_core_services:1::el7jbcs-httpd24-curl-debuginfobefore 0:8.4.0-2.el7jbcs0:8.4.0-2.el7jbcs
Red Hat:jboss_core_services:1::el7jbcs-httpd24-libcurlbefore 0:8.4.0-2.el7jbcs0:8.4.0-2.el7jbcs

+81

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2014-0160The (1) TLS and (2) DTLS implementations in OpenSSL 1.0.1 before 1.0.1g do not properly handle Heartbeat Extension packets, which allows remKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2021-3711SM2 Decryption Buffer Overflow
    65This week
  • CVE-2003-0545Double free vulnerability in OpenSSL 0.9.7 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code
    65This week
  • CVE-2016-2108The ASN.1 implementation in OpenSSL before 1.0.1o and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2c allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denia
    62This week
  • CVE-2016-6309statem/statem.c in OpenSSL 1.1.0a does not consider memory-block movement after a realloc call, which allows remote attackers to cause a den
    60This week
  • CVE-2022-3786X.509 Email Address Variable Length Buffer Overflow
    58Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
OpenSSL OpenSSL3.0.9Vendor (CNA)
OpenSSL OpenSSL3.1.1Vendor (CNA)
almalinux:openssl1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openssl-devel1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openssl-libs1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:openssl-perl1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
alpine:openssl1.1.1t-r2 · Alpine:v3.14Package registry (OSV)
alpine:openssl33.0.8-r2 · Alpine:v3.15Package registry (OSV)
debian:openssl3.0.9-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:openssl-1_0_01.0.2p-150000.3.73.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:openssl-1_11.1.1l-150400.7.34.1 · openSUSE:Leap Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:openssl-33.0.1-150400.4.23.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws5-tomcat0:9.0.62-19.redhat_00017.1.el7jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:5.7::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws5-tomcat-admin-webapps0:9.0.62-19.redhat_00017.1.el7jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:5.7::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws5-tomcat-docs-webapp0:9.0.62-19.redhat_00017.1.el7jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:5.7::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws5-tomcat-native0:1.2.31-16.redhat_16.el7jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:5.7::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws5-tomcat-native-debuginfo0:1.2.31-16.redhat_16.el7jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:5.7::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl-debuginfo1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl-debugsource1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl-devel1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl-libs1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl-libs-debuginfo1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:openssl-perl1:3.0.7-16.el9_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
suse:compat-openssl0980.9.8j-106.48.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:openssl1.0.2j-60.92.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-BCLPackage registry (OSV)
suse:openssl-1_0_01.0.2p-150000.3.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Legacy 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:openssl-1_0_01.0.2p-3.72.1 · SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 9Package registry (OSV)
suse:openssl-1_11.1.1d-150200.11.62.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:openssl-1_11.1.1l-150400.7.34.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)

+2

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
None

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

nvd-primary

Root cause

A certificate validation error is silently swallowed instead of terminating the connection. Often, code added for a test environment makes its way into production.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

kotlin
override fun checkServerTrusted(chain: Array<X509Certificate>, type: String) {  // Left empty for the test environment}

Fixed

kotlin
val client = OkHttpClient.Builder()  .certificatePinner(    CertificatePinner.Builder()      .add("api.sirius.example", "sha256/…")      .build()  ).build()

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

All records