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CVE-2026-72772· NVD / CVE Program· CNA VulnCheck

n8n before 2.32.1 Authentication Bypass via Token Exchange

n8n before 2.32.1 (and before 2.31.5) is vulnerable to account takeover via the Token Exchange Embed Login feature. When a validly-signed incoming token was matched to a local account by its email claim, the service did not verify that the email claim was verified, nor that the trusted key's permitted role ceiling covered that account. As a result, anyone able to obtain a token accepted by a configured trusted key (for example, a trusted issuer emitting unverified email addresses) could authenticate as any existing user and gain full account control. This issue only affects instances where the embed login feature is enabled and at least one trusted key source is configured.

HighCVSS 8.9 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Aug 11, 2026
Updated
Sep 18, 2026
EPSS
0.4% · 36th percentile
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Report tools

JSON

Action score

35

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
35 / 40 · 8.9 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · VulnCheck
8.9
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
n8nn8n

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • n8n n8nbefore 2.31.5
  • n8n n8n2.32.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulnCheck). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • n8n-io n8n

    • 2.32.1, 2.31.5not affected
    • before 2.32.1affected · semver
    • before 2.31.5affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
npmn8nfrom 2.32.0 · before 2.32.12.32.1
npmn8nbefore 2.31.52.31.5

Same product

n8n: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-68613n8n Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Expression InjectionKEV
    95Now
  • CVE-2026-21858n8n Vulnerable to Unauthenticated File Access via Improper Webhook Request Handling
    64This week
  • CVE-2026-1470Authenticated users can bypass the Expression sandbox mechanism to achieve full remote code execution on n8n’s main node.
    45Plan
  • CVE-2025-68668n8n Vulnerable to Arbitrary Command Execution in Pyodide based Python Code Node
    43Plan
  • CVE-2026-0863Sandbox escape in n8n Python task runner allows for arbitrary code execution on the underlying host.
    42Plan
  • CVE-2026-21877n8n is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Arbitrary File Write
    41Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
n8n-io n8n2.31.5Vendor (CNA)
n8n-io n8n2.32.1Vendor (CNA)
npm:n8n2.31.5Package registry (OSV)
npm:n8n2.32.1Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2026-727650 days apartn8n before 2.32.1 Remote Code Execution via Expression Sandbox Escape
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-727670 days apartn8n before 1.123.67 Remote Code Execution via Git node
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-727700 days apartn8n before 1.123.67 Path Traversal via Git Node Operations
    28Monitor
  • CVE-2026-727680 days apartn8n before 2.32.1 SSRF Protection Bypass via MCP Client
    25Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-640 · Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

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Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records