ext4: detect invalid INLINE_DATA + EXTENTS flag combination
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: detect invalid INLINE_DATA + EXTENTS flag combination syzbot reported a BUG_ON in ext4_es_cache_extent() when opening a verity file on a corrupted ext4 filesystem mounted without a journal. The issue is that the filesystem has an inode with both the INLINE_DATA and EXTENTS flags set: EXT4-fs error (device loop0): ext4_cache_extents:545: inode #15: comm syz.0.17: corrupted extent tree: lblk 0 < prev 66 Investigation revealed that the inode has both flags set: DEBUG: inode 15 - flag=1, i_inline_off=164, has_inline=1, extents_flag=1 This is an invalid combination since an inode should have either: - INLINE_DATA: data stored directly in the inode - EXTENTS: data stored in extent-mapped blocks Having both flags causes ext4_has_inline_data() to return true, skipping extent tree validation in __ext4_iget(). The unvalidated out-of-order extents then trigger a BUG_ON in ext4_es_cache_extent() due to integer underflow when calculating hole sizes. Fix this by detecting this invalid flag combination early in ext4_iget() and rejecting the corrupted inode.
- Published
- Nov 12, 2025
- Updated
- Aug 5, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.2% · 4th percentile
- CWE
- —
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Report tools
Action score
31
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.2%
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · Linux
- 7.8
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Affected systems
—
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Linux Linux
- 3.8affected
- f19d5870cbf72d4cb2a8e1f749dff97af99b071e and later · before 4954d297c91d292630ab43ba4d195dc371ce65d3affected · git
- f19d5870cbf72d4cb2a8e1f749dff97af99b071e and later · before f061f7c331fc16250fc82aa68964f35821687217affected · git
- f19d5870cbf72d4cb2a8e1f749dff97af99b071e and later · before 2e9e10657b04152ed0d6ecae8d0c02a3405e28f5affected · git
- f19d5870cbf72d4cb2a8e1f749dff97af99b071e and later · before 1437c95ab2a28b138d4521653583729f61ccb48baffected · git
- f19d5870cbf72d4cb2a8e1f749dff97af99b071e and later · before cb6039b68efa547b676a8a10fc4618d9d1865c23affected · git
- f19d5870cbf72d4cb2a8e1f749dff97af99b071e and later · before de985264eef64be8a90595908f2e6a87946dad34affected · git
- f19d5870cbf72d4cb2a8e1f749dff97af99b071e and later · before 1f5ccd22ff482639133f2a0fe08f6d19d0e68717affected · git
- f19d5870cbf72d4cb2a8e1f749dff97af99b071e and later · before 1d3ad183943b38eec2acf72a0ae98e635dc8456baffected · git
- before 3.8not affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | before 6.1.158-1 | 6.1.158-1 |
| Debian:13 | linux | before 6.12.57-1 | 6.12.57-1 |
| Debian:14 | linux | before 6.17.6-1 | 6.17.6-1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | dtb-aarch64 | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-64kb | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-azure | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-default | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-default-base | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1.160000.2.6 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1.160000.2.6 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-docs | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-kvmsmall | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-obs-build | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-obs-qa | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-rt | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-source | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-syms | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-zfcpdump | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | kernel-azure | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | kernel-docs | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | kernel-kvmsmall | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | kernel-obs-qa | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | kernel-syms | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | kernel-zfcpdump | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | kernel-64kb | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | kernel-default | before 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 |
+4
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation40Plan
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- CVE-2026-74309vdpa/octeon_ep: fix IRQ-to-ring mapping in interrupt handler40Plan
- CVE-2026-74280crypto: marvell/octeontx - fix DMA cleanup using wrong loop index40Plan
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Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | 1437c95ab2a28b138d4521653583729f61ccb48b | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 1d3ad183943b38eec2acf72a0ae98e635dc8456b | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 1f5ccd22ff482639133f2a0fe08f6d19d0e68717 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 2e9e10657b04152ed0d6ecae8d0c02a3405e28f5 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 4954d297c91d292630ab43ba4d195dc371ce65d3 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | cb6039b68efa547b676a8a10fc4618d9d1865c23 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | de985264eef64be8a90595908f2e6a87946dad34 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | f061f7c331fc16250fc82aa68964f35821687217 | Vendor (CNA) |
| debian:linux | 6.1.158-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:dtb-aarch64 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-64kb | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-azure | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default-base | 6.12.0-160000.9.1.160000.2.6 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-docs | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-build | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-qa | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-rt | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-source | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-syms | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-64kb | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-azure | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default-base | 6.12.0-160000.9.1.160000.2.6 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-docs | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-kvmsmall | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-obs-build | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro Extras 6.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-obs-qa | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-rt | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
+3
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- A user must open a link or visit a page.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- Required
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
—
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-secondary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/1437c95ab2a28b138d4521653583729f61ccb48b
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/1d3ad183943b38eec2acf72a0ae98e635dc8456b
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f5ccd22ff482639133f2a0fe08f6d19d0e68717
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e9e10657b04152ed0d6ecae8d0c02a3405e28f5
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/4954d297c91d292630ab43ba4d195dc371ce65d3
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb6039b68efa547b676a8a10fc4618d9d1865c23
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/de985264eef64be8a90595908f2e6a87946dad34
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/f061f7c331fc16250fc82aa68964f35821687217
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.