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CVE-2025-24064· NVD / CVE Program· CNA microsoft

Windows Domain Name Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Use after free in DNS Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

HighCVSS 8.1 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Mar 11, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
1.3% · 69th percentile
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JSON

Action score

32

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
32 / 40 · 8.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · microsoft
8.1
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
microsoftwindows server 2008
microsoftwindows server 2012
microsoftwindows server 2016
microsoftwindows server 2019
microsoftwindows server 2022
microsoftwindows server 2022 23h2
microsoftwindows server 2025

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Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • microsoft windows server 2008all versions
  • microsoft windows server 2008r2
  • microsoft windows server 2012all versions
  • microsoft windows server 2012r2
  • microsoft windows server 2016before 10.0.14393.7876
  • microsoft windows server 2019before 10.0.17763.7009
  • microsoft windows server 2022before 10.0.20348.3270
  • microsoft windows server 2022after 10.0.20348.3270 · before 10.0.20348.3328
  • microsoft windows server 2022 23h2before 10.0.25398.1486
  • microsoft windows server 2025before 10.0.26100.3403
  • microsoft windows server 2025after 10.0.26100.3403 · before 10.0.26100.3476

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1

    • 6.1.7601.0 and later · before 6.1.7601.27618affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)

    • 6.1.7601.0 and later · before 6.1.7601.27618affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2

    • 6.0.6003.0 and later · before 6.0.6003.23168affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)

    • 6.0.6003.0 and later · before 6.0.6003.23168affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2012

    • 6.2.9200.0 and later · before 6.2.9200.25368affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)

    • 6.2.9200.0 and later · before 6.2.9200.25368affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2

    • 6.3.9600.0 and later · before 6.3.9600.22470affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)

    • 6.3.9600.0 and later · before 6.3.9600.22470affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2016

    • 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.7876affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)

    • 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.7876affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2019

    • 10.0.17763.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.7009affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)

    • 10.0.17763.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.7009affected

Same product

microsoft: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2020-1350A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Windows Domain Name System servers when they fail to properly handle requests, aka 'Windows KEV
    99Now
  • CVE-2020-1040A remote code execution vulnerability exists when Hyper-V RemoteFX vGPU on a host server fails to properly validate input from an authenticaKEV
    68This week
  • CVE-2009-3103Array index error in the SMBv2 protocol implementation in srv2.sys in Microsoft Windows Vista Gold, SP1, and SP2, Windows Server 2008 Gold a
    68This week
  • CVE-2024-38077Windows Remote Desktop Licensing Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    64This week
  • CVE-2009-2532Microsoft Windows Vista Gold, SP1, and SP2, Windows Server 2008 Gold and SP2, and Windows 7 RC do not properly process the command value in
    59Plan
  • CVE-2018-8476A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that Windows Deployment Services TFTP Server handles objects in memory, aka "Windows
    58Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-2667128 days apartWindows Remote Desktop Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2025-2129756 days apartWindows Remote Desktop Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2025-2983163 days apartWindows Remote Desktop Services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2024-20655427 days apartMicrosoft Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    26Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

c
free(dev->buf);/* ... another thread is still running ... */process(dev->buf);

Fixed

c
lock(&dev->lock);free(dev->buf);dev->buf = NULL;unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

We use this product, ask for help

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records