SQL Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper access control in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
- Published
- Sep 8, 2026
- Updated
- Sep 30, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.8% · 54th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-284
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Report tools
Action score
35
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 35 / 40 · 8.8 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.8%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · microsoft
- 8.8
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| microsoft | sql server 2017 | cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:sql_server_2017 |
| microsoft | sql server 2019 | cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:sql_server_2019 |
| microsoft | sql server 2022 | cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:sql_server_2022 |
| microsoft | sql server 2025 | cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:sql_server_2025 |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- microsoft sql server 2017before 14.0.2130.4
- microsoft sql server 201714.0.3006.16 and later · before 14.0.3550.4
- microsoft sql server 2019before 15.0.2190.7
- microsoft sql server 201915.0.4003.23 and later · before 15.0.4490.9
- microsoft sql server 2022before 16.0.1200.5
- microsoft sql server 202216.0.4003.1 and later · before 16.0.4275.2
- microsoft sql server 2025before 17.0.1135.8
- microsoft sql server 202517.0.4006.2 and later · before 17.0.4085.5
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Microsoft Microsoft SQL Server 2017 (CU 31)
- 14.0.0 and later · before 14.0.3550.4affected
Microsoft Microsoft SQL Server 2017 (GDR)
- 14.0.0 and later · before 14.0.2130.4affected
Microsoft Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (CU 32)
- 15.0.0.0 and later · before 15.0.4490.9affected
Microsoft Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (GDR)
- 15.0.0 and later · before 15.0.2190.7affected
Microsoft Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (CU 26)
- 16.0.0.0 and later · before 16.0.4275.2affected
Microsoft Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (GDR)
- 16.0.0 and later · before 16.0.1200.5affected
Microsoft Microsoft SQL Server 2025 (CU8)
- 17.0.0.0 and later · before 17.0.4085.5affected
Microsoft Microsoft SQL Server 2025 for x64-based Systems (GDR)
- 17.0.1050.2 and later · before 17.0.1135.8affected
Same product
microsoft: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-67631Microsoft SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability39Monitor
- CVE-2026-78442Windows OLE DB Remote Code Execution Vulnerability35Monitor
- CVE-2026-77486Microsoft SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability35Monitor
- CVE-2026-77483SQL Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability35Monitor
- CVE-2026-77482Microsoft SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability35Monitor
- CVE-2026-77481Microsoft SQL Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability35Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Microsoft SQL Server 2017 for x64-based Systems (CU 31) | 14.0.3550.4 · KB5122774 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Microsoft SQL Server 2017 for x64-based Systems (GDR) | 14.0.2130.4 · KB5122775 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Microsoft SQL Server 2019 for x64-based Systems (CU 32) | 15.0.4490.9 · KB5122772 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Microsoft SQL Server 2019 for x64-based Systems (GDR) | 15.0.2190.7 · KB5122773 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Microsoft SQL Server 2022 for x64-based Systems (CU 26) | 16.0.4275.2 · KB5122768 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Microsoft SQL Server 2022 for x64-based Systems (GDR) | 16.0.1200.5 · KB5122771 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Microsoft SQL Server 2025 for x64-based Systems (CU8) | 17.0.4085.5 · KB5122769 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Microsoft SQL Server 2025 for x64-based Systems (GDR) | 17.0.1135.8 · KB5122770 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
- CVE-2026-730280 days apartSQL Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability35Monitor
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-284 · Improper Access ControlCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-secondary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Embedding Scripts within ScriptsCAPEC-19likelihood: High · High
- Malicious Logic InsertionCAPEC-441likelihood: Medium · High
- Modification of Windows Service ConfigurationCAPEC-478likelihood: Low · High
- Malicious Root CertificateCAPEC-479likelihood: Low · Low
- Intent SpoofCAPEC-502
- WebView ExposureCAPEC-503
- Data Injected During ConfigurationCAPEC-536likelihood: Low · High
- Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant EnvironmentCAPEC-546likelihood: Low · Medium
ATT&CK techniques
- RootkitT1014
- Obfuscated Files or Information: Embedded PayloadsT1027.009
- Boot or Logon Initialization ScriptsT1037
- Taint shared contentT1080
- Server Software Component: Terminal Services DLLT1505.005
- Pre-OS Boot:BootkitT1542.003
- Create or Modify System ProcessT1543
- Create or Modify System Process: Launch AgentT1543.001
- Create or Modify System Process:Windows ServiceT1543.003
- Create or Modify System Process: Launch DaemonT1543.004
- Event Triggered Execution:Change Default File AssociationT1546.001
- Event Triggered Execution:.bash_profile and .bashrcT1546.004
- Event Triggered Execution: Accessibility FeaturesT1546.008
- Event Triggered Execution: Installer PackagesT1546.016
- Boot or Logon Autostart ExecutionT1547
- Boot or Logon Autostart Execution:Kernel Modules and ExtensionsT1547.006
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
- Fix✗ → ✓
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References
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.