Vim: Vimscript Code Injection in cucumber filetype plugin via crafted step-definition regex
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0496, a code injection vulnerability exists in s:stepmatch() in the cucumber filetype plugin (runtime/ftplugin/cucumber.vim) on Vim builds with +ruby support. Step-definition patterns read from .rb files under the repository's features/*/ or stories/*/ directories are embedded into a Ruby Kernel.eval argument without sufficient escaping, allowing a crafted pattern in an attacker-controlled repository to execute arbitrary Ruby (and through it arbitrary shell commands) when the user invokes a step-jump mapping ([d, ]d). This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0496.
- Published
- Jun 11, 2026
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.1% · 2th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-94
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Report tools
Action score
20
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 20 / 40 · 5.1 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.1%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · GitHub_M
- 5.1
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for the hundreds of thousands of vulnerabilities in the database; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| vim | vim | cpe:2.3:a:vim:vim |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- vim vimbefore 9.2.0496
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
vim vim
- < 9.2.0496affected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlmaLinux:10 | vim-common | before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | vim-data | before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | vim-enhanced | before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | vim-filesystem | before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | vim-minimal | before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | vim-X11 | before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | xxd | before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | vim-common | before 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 | 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | vim-enhanced | before 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 | 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | vim-filesystem | before 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 | 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | vim-minimal | before 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 | 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | vim-X11 | before 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 | 2:8.0.1763-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | vim-common | before 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 | 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | vim-enhanced | before 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 | 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | vim-filesystem | before 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 | 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | vim-minimal | before 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 | 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | vim-X11 | before 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 | 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.10 |
| Debian:12 | vim | all versions | — |
| Debian:14 | vim | before 2:9.2.0524-1 | 2:9.2.0524-1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 | vim | before 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 | 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 | vim-common | before 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 | 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 | vim-enhanced | before 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 | 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 | vim-X11 | before 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 | 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | vim | before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 |
+63
Same product
vim: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2008-2712Vim 7.1.314, 6.4, and other versions allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via Vim scripts that do not properl42Plan
- CVE-2022-0318Heap-based Buffer Overflow in vim/vim40Plan
- CVE-2019-12735getchar.c in Vim before 8.1.1365 and Neovim before 0.3.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via the :source! command i40Plan
- CVE-2017-6350An integer overflow at an unserialize_uep memory allocation site would occur for vim before patch 8.0.0378, if it does not properly validate40Plan
- CVE-2017-6349An integer overflow at a u_read_undo memory allocation site would occur for vim before patch 8.0.0377, if it does not properly validate valu40Plan
- CVE-2017-5953vim before patch 8.0.0322 does not properly validate values for tree length when handling a spell file, which may result in an integer overf40Plan
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| vim vim | 9.2.0496 · description | Vendor (CNA) |
| almalinux:vim-common | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:vim-data | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:vim-enhanced | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:vim-filesystem | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:vim-minimal | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:vim-X11 | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:xxd | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:vim | 2:9.2.0524-1 · Debian:14 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-common | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-common-debuginfo | 2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-data | 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-debuginfo | 2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-default-editor | 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-enhanced | 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-filesystem | 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-minimal | 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-X11 | 2:9.1.083-5.el10_0.4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:vim-X11-debuginfo | 2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:xxd | 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| rocky linux:vim | 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.7 · Rocky Linux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
- CVE-2026-5745614 days apartVim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Python Omni-Completion Docstrings33Monitor
- CVE-2026-5985628 days apartVim: Arbitrary Code Execution via PHP Omni-Completion33Monitor
- CVE-2026-5985828 days apartVim: Arbitrary Code Execution via C Omni-Completion33Monitor
- CVE-2026-7307661 days apartVim: Arbitrary Command Execution via Malicious `.VimballRecord` Entry Replay in `vimball.vim`33Monitor
- CVE-2026-3988164 days apartVim Ex command injection in Vims NetBeans integration31Monitor
- CVE-2026-4396169 days apartVim: vimscript injection via unescaped filename in netrw s:netrwmarkfile() filter() expression allows arbitrary code execution31Monitor
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- Integrity
- Availability
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- P
- Scope
- X
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-94 · Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
nvd-secondary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- github.com/vim/vim/commit/a65a52d684bc58535ad28a4ae824d22e76399934
- github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.2.0496
- github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GHSA-4473-94jm-w5x9
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.