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CVE-2026-26965· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

FreeRDP has Out-of-bounds Write

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, in the RLE planar decode path, `planar_decompress_plane_rle()` writes into `pDstData` at `((nYDst+y) * nDstStep) + (4*nXDst) + nChannel` without verifying that `(nYDst+nSrcHeight)` fits in the destination height or that `(nXDst+nSrcWidth)` fits in the destination stride. When `TempFormat != DstFormat`, `pDstData` becomes `planar->pTempData` (sized for the desktop), while `nYDst` is only validated against the **surface** by `is_within_surface()`. A malicious RDP server can exploit this to perform a heap out-of-bounds write with attacker-controlled offset and pixel data on any connecting FreeRDP client. The OOB write reaches up to 132,096 bytes past the temp buffer end, and on the brk heap (desktop ≤ 128×128), an adjacent `NSC_CONTEXT` struct's `decode` function pointer is overwritten with attacker-controlled pixel data — control-flow–relevant corruption (function pointer overwritten) demonstrated under deterministic heap layout (`nsc->decode = 0xFF414141FF414141`). Version 3.23.0 fixes the vulnerability.

HighCVSS 8.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 25, 2026
Updated
Jul 15, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 47th percentile
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JSON

Action score

35

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
35 / 40 · 8.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
8.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
freerdpfreerdp

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • freerdp freerdpbefore 3.23.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • FreeRDP FreeRDP

    • < 3.23.0affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10freerdpbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10freerdp-develbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10freerdp-libsbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10freerdp-serverbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10libwinprbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:10libwinpr-develbefore 2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.32:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3
AlmaLinux:8freerdpbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8freerdp-develbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8freerdp-libsbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8libwinprbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8libwinpr-develbefore 2:2.11.7-4.el8_102:2.11.7-4.el8_10
AlmaLinux:9freerdpbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
AlmaLinux:9freerdp-develbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
AlmaLinux:9freerdp-libsbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
AlmaLinux:9libwinprbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
AlmaLinux:9libwinpr-develbefore 2:2.11.7-1.el9_7.32:2.11.7-1.el9_7.3
Debian:12freerdp2all versions—
Debian:13freerdp3before 3.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u13.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u1
Debian:14freerdp3before 3.23.0+dfsg-13.23.0+dfsg-1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedfreerdpbefore 3.24.1-1.13.24.1-1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedfreerdp2before 2.11.7-6.12.11.7-6.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0freerdpbefore 2:3.10.3-3.el10_0.32:3.10.3-3.el10_0.3
Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0freerdp-debuginfobefore 2:3.10.3-3.el10_0.32:3.10.3-3.el10_0.3
Red Hat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0freerdp-debugsourcebefore 2:3.10.3-3.el10_0.32:3.10.3-3.el10_0.3

+96

Same product

freerdp: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2018-8787FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Integer Overflow that leads to a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function gdi_Bitmap_Decompress
    42Plan
  • CVE-2018-8788FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Out-Of-Bounds Write of up to 4 bytes in function nsc_rle_decode() that results in a memory co
    41Plan
  • CVE-2018-8786FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Integer Truncation that leads to a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function update_read_bitmap_
    41Plan
  • CVE-2018-8785FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function zgfx_decompress() that results in a memory corruption a
    41Plan
  • CVE-2018-8784FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function zgfx_decompress_segment() that results in a memory corr
    41Plan
  • CVE-2024-32460FreeRDP Out-Of-Bounds Read in interleaved_decompress
    40Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
almalinux:freerdp2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:freerdp-devel2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:freerdp-libs2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:freerdp-server2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:libwinpr2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:libwinpr-devel2:3.10.3-5.el10_1.3 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
debian:freerdp33.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:freerdp2.11.2-150600.4.18.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:freerdp22.11.7-6.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-debuginfo2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-debugsource2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-devel2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-libs2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-libs-debuginfo2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-server2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:freerdp-server-debuginfo2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:libwinpr2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:libwinpr-debuginfo2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:libwinpr-devel2:3.10.3-12.el10_2.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:freerdp2:2.11.7-4.el8_10 · Rocky Linux:8Package registry (OSV)
suse:freerdp2.11.2-150600.4.18.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:freerdp2.4.0-150400.3.47.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:freerdp22.11.7-150700.3.14.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-269550 days apartFreeRDP has Out-of-bounds Write
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-68579158 days apartFreeRDP before 3.30.0 Heap Overflow via CliprdrStream_Read
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-2977416 days apartFreeRDP has a heap-buffer-overflow in avc420_yuv_to_rgb via OOB regionRects
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2026-2977516 days apartFreeRDP has a heap-buffer-overflow in bitmap_cache_put via OOB cacheId
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2026-4570093 days apartHeap-buffer-overflow write in planar bitmap decoder
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-2285342 days apartFreeRDP has a heap-buffer-overflow in ndr_read_uint8Array
    27Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

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Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records