ssh in OpenSSH before 10.1 allows the '\0' character in an ssh:// URI, potentially leading to code execution when a ProxyCommand is used.
- BDU:2025-12566
- ALSA-2025:23479
- ALSA-2025:23480
- ALSA-2025:23481
- openSUSE-SU-2025:20122-1
- RHSA-2025:23479
- RHSA-2025:23480
- RHSA-2025:23481
- RHSA-2026:0693
- RHSA-2026:0976
- RHSA-2026:1678
- RHSA-2026:1790
- RHSA-2026:1815
- RHSA-2026:5475
- RLSA-2025:23479
- RLSA-2025:23480
- RLSA-2025:23481
- SUSE-SU-2025:21044-1
- SUSE-SU-2025:21128-1
- SUSE-SU-2025:21161-1
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for the hundreds of thousands of vulnerabilities in the database; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for help- Published
- Oct 6, 2025
- Updated
- Sep 8, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.1% · 2th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-158
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Report tools
Action score
14
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 14 / 40 · 3.6 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.1%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · mitre
- 3.6
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Affected systems
—
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (mitre). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
OpenBSD OpenSSH
- before 10.1affected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlmaLinux:10 | openssh | before 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | openssh-askpass | before 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | openssh-clients | before 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | openssh-keycat | before 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | openssh-keysign | before 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | openssh-server | before 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | openssh | before 8.0p1-27.el8_10 | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | openssh-askpass | before 8.0p1-27.el8_10 | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | openssh-cavs | before 8.0p1-27.el8_10 | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | openssh-clients | before 8.0p1-27.el8_10 | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | openssh-keycat | before 8.0p1-27.el8_10 | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | openssh-ldap | before 8.0p1-27.el8_10 | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | openssh-server | before 8.0p1-27.el8_10 | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | pam_ssh_agent_auth | before 0.10.3-7.27.el8_10 | 0.10.3-7.27.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | openssh | before 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 | 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | openssh-askpass | before 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 | 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | openssh-clients | before 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 | 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | openssh-keycat | before 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 | 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | openssh-server | before 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 | 8.7p1-47.el9_7.alma.1 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | pam_ssh_agent_auth | before 0.10.4-5.47.el9_7.alma.1 | 0.10.4-5.47.el9_7.alma.1 |
| Alpine:v3.22 | openssh | before 10.0_p1-r10 | 10.0_p1-r10 |
| Alpine:v3.23 | openssh | before 10.1_p1-r0 | 10.1_p1-r0 |
| Debian:12 | openssh | before 1:9.2p1-2+deb12u8 | 1:9.2p1-2+deb12u8 |
| Debian:13 | openssh | before 1:10.0p1-7+deb13u1 | 1:10.0p1-7+deb13u1 |
+96
Same product
openbsd: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2023-38408The PKCS#11 feature in ssh-agent in OpenSSH before 9.3p2 has an insufficiently trustworthy search path, leading to remote code execution if 63This week
- CVE-2023-25136OpenSSH server (sshd) 9.1 introduced a double-free vulnerability during options.kex_algorithms handling.53Plan
- CVE-2018-15473OpenSSH through 7.7 is prone to a user enumeration vulnerability due to not delaying bailout for an invalid authenticating user until after 51Plan
- CVE-2016-6210sshd in OpenSSH before 7.3, when SHA256 or SHA512 are used for user password hashing, uses BLOWFISH hashing on a static password when the us50Plan
- CVE-2016-6515The auth_password function in auth-passwd.c in sshd in OpenSSH before 7.3 does not limit password lengths for password authentication, which48Plan
- CVE-2002-0640Buffer overflow in sshd in OpenSSH 2.3.1 through 3.3 may allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a large number of responses du48Plan
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| azl3 openssh 9.8p1-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 9.8p1-5 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| azl3 openssh 9.8p1-5 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 9.8p1-5 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| cbl2 openssh 8.9p1-8 on CBL Mariner 2.0 | 8.9p1-9 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| cbl2 openssh 8.9p1-9 on CBL Mariner 2.0 | 8.9p1-9 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| almalinux:openssh | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:openssh-askpass | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:openssh-cavs | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:openssh-clients | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:openssh-keycat | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:openssh-keysign | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:openssh-ldap | 8.0p1-27.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:openssh-server | 9.9p1-12.el10_1.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:pam_ssh_agent_auth | 0.10.4-5.47.el9_7.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9 | Package registry (OSV) |
| alpine:openssh | 10.0_p1-r10 · Alpine:v3.22 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:openssh | 1:9.2p1-2+deb12u8 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:openssh | 9.6p1-150600.6.34.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:openssh-askpass-gnome | 9.6p1-150600.6.34.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-askpass | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-askpass-debuginfo | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-clients | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-clients-debuginfo | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-debuginfo | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-debugsource | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-keycat-debuginfo | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-keysign | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-keysign-debuginfo | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-server-debuginfo | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:openssh-sk-dummy-debuginfo | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| rocky linux:openssh | 0:9.9p1-12.el10_1.rocky.0.1 · Rocky Linux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
+5
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- low · data can be read
- Integrity
- low · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- none
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- Low
- Integrity impact
- Low
- Availability impact
- None
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-158 · Improper Neutralization of Null Byte or NUL CharacterCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
nvd-secondary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
—
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- marc.info/?l=openssh-unix-dev&m=175974522032149&w=2
- www.openssh.com/releasenotes.html#10.1p1
- www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/10/06/1
- cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.