Dragonfly allows arbitrary file read and write on a peer machine
Dragonfly is an open source P2P-based file distribution and image acceleration system. Prior to 2.1.0, the gRPC API and HTTP APIs allow peers to send requests that force the recipient peer to create files in arbitrary file system locations, and to read arbitrary files. This allows peers to steal other peers’ secret data and to gain remote code execution (RCE) capabilities on the peer’s machine.This vulnerability is fixed in 2.1.0.
- Published
- Sep 17, 2025
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.7% · 52th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-22
Sign in to follow · You’ll be notified if a followed record enters KEV, gets an exploit or is updated.
Report tools
Action score
27
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 27 / 40 · 6.9 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.7%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · GitHub_M
- 6.9
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linuxfoundation | dragonfly | cpe:2.3:a:linuxfoundation:dragonfly |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- linuxfoundation dragonflybefore 2.1.0
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
dragonflyoss dragonfly
- < 2.1.0affected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Go | d7y.io/dragonfly/v2 | before 2.1.0 | 2.1.0 |
| Go | github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly | before 2.1.0 | 2.1.0 |
| Go | github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly | all versions | — |
| openSUSE:Tumbleweed | govulncheck-vulndb | before 0.0.20250924T192141-1.1 | 0.0.20250924T192141-1.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 | govulncheck-vulndb | before 0.0.20251023T162509-150000.1.110.1 | 0.0.20251023T162509-150000.1.110.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 | govulncheck-vulndb | before 0.0.20251023T162509-150000.1.110.1 | 0.0.20251023T162509-150000.1.110.1 |
Same product
linuxfoundation: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2023-27584Dragonfly2 vulnerable to hard coded cyptographic key49Plan
- CVE-2026-24124Dragonfly Manager Job API Allows Unauthenticated Access35Monitor
- CVE-2025-59353Manager generates mTLS certificates for arbitrary IP addresses30Monitor
- CVE-2025-59345Dragonfly did not enable authentication for some Manager’s endpoints30Monitor
- CVE-2025-59410Dragonfly tiny file download uses hard coded HTTP protocol22Monitor
- CVE-2025-59354Dragonfly has weak integrity checks for downloaded files22Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| dragonflyoss dragonfly | 2.1.0 · description | Vendor (CNA) |
| Go:d7y.io/dragonfly/v2 | 2.1.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| Go:github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly | 2.1.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:govulncheck-vulndb | 0.0.20251023T162509-150000.1.110.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:govulncheck-vulndb | 0.0.20251023T162509-150000.1.110.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- Integrity
- Availability
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- X
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-22 · Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')CVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
nvd-secondary
Root cause
A user-supplied file name is joined with the allowed directory, but the result is never checked to confirm it is still inside that directory.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-22 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
const file = path.join(ROOT, req.query.name);res.sendFile(file);Fixed
const file = path.resolve(ROOT, req.query.name);if (!file.startsWith(ROOT + path.sep)) { return res.sendStatus(400);}res.sendFile(file);Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Path TraversalCAPEC-126likelihood: High · Very High
- Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation LogicCAPEC-64likelihood: High · High
- Manipulating Web Input to File System CallsCAPEC-76likelihood: High · Very High
- Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate EncodingCAPEC-78likelihood: High · High
- Using Slashes in Alternate EncodingCAPEC-79likelihood: High · High
ATT&CK techniques
—
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly/blob/main/docs/security/dragonfly-comprehensive-report-2023.pdf
- github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly/security/advisories/GHSA-79hx-3fp8-hj66
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.