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CVE-2025-32709· NVD / CVE Program· CNA microsoft

Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Null pointer dereference in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded
Published
May 13, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
2.2% · 82th percentile
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Action score

62

This week

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CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
1 / 30 · 2.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · microsoft
7.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on May 13, 2025. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for government agencies: Jun 3, 2025.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for the hundreds of thousands of vulnerabilities in the database; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

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Affected systems

VendorProduct
microsoftwindows 10 1507
microsoftwindows 10 1607
microsoftwindows 10 1809
microsoftwindows 10 21h2
microsoftwindows 10 22h2
microsoftwindows 11 22h2
microsoftwindows 11 23h2
microsoftwindows 11 24h2
microsoftwindows server 2008
microsoftwindows server 2012
microsoftwindows server 2016
microsoftwindows server 2019

and 3 more

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • microsoft windows server 2008all versions
  • microsoft windows server 2008r2
  • microsoft windows server 2012all versions
  • microsoft windows server 2012r2
  • microsoft windows server 2016before 10.0.14393.8066
  • microsoft windows server 2019before 10.0.17763.7314
  • microsoft windows server 2022before 10.0.20348.3692
  • microsoft windows server 2022 23h2before 10.0.25398.1611
  • microsoft windows server 2025before 10.0.26100.3981

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507

    • 10.0.10240.0 and later · before 10.0.10240.21014affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607

    • 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.8066affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809

    • 10.0.17763.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.7314affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2

    • 10.0.19044.0 and later · before 10.0.19044.5854affected

  • Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2

    • 10.0.19045.0 and later · before 10.0.19045.5854affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2

    • 10.0.22621.0 and later · before 10.0.22621.5335affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3

    • 10.0.22631.0 and later · before 10.0.22631.5335affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2

    • 10.0.22631.0 and later · before 10.0.22631.5335affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2

    • 10.0.26100.0 and later · before 10.0.26100.4061affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1

    • 6.1.7601.0 and later · before 6.1.7601.27730affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)

    • 6.1.7601.0 and later · before 6.1.7601.27730affected

  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2

    • 6.0.6003.0 and later · before 6.0.6003.23317affected

Same product

microsoft: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2021-34527Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
    95Now
  • CVE-2021-40444Microsoft MSHTML Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
    94Now
  • CVE-2025-33053Internet Shortcut Files Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
    91Now
  • CVE-2023-36025Windows SmartScreen Security Feature Bypass VulnerabilityKEV
    91Now
  • CVE-2022-30190Microsoft Windows Support Diagnostic Tool (MSDT) Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
    91Now
  • CVE-2017-8543Microsoft Windows XP SP3, Windows XP x64 XP2, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista, Windows 7 SP1, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, WinKEV
    91Now

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-09-04

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. CISA KEV-1 d
  2. Published
  3. First PoC+113 d
  4. TodayOct 3, 2026+508 d
EPSS, last 120 days+1% in 7 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2024-38193273 days apartWindows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
    70This week
  • CVE-2025-2982435 days apartWindows Common Log File System Driver Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
    65This week
  • CVE-2025-21298119 days apartWindows OLE Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    63This week
  • CVE-2025-327010 days apartWindows Common Log File System Driver Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
    61This week
  • CVE-2024-38107273 days apartWindows Power Dependency Coordinator Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
    61This week
  • CVE-2023-35628518 days apartWindows MSHTML Platform Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    60This week

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

c
free(dev->buf);/* ... another thread is still running ... */process(dev->buf);

Fixed

c
lock(&dev->lock);free(dev->buf);dev->buf = NULL;unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records