libzvbi io-sim.c vbi_capture_sim_load_caption integer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in libzvbi up to 0.2.43. This affects the function vbi_capture_sim_load_caption of the file src/io-sim.c. The manipulation leads to integer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 0.2.44 is able to address this issue. The identifier of the patch is ca1672134b3e2962cd392212c73f44f8f4cb489f. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The code maintainer was informed beforehand about the issues. She reacted very fast and highly professional.
- Published
- Mar 11, 2025
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.7% · 50th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-189
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Report tools
Action score
27
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 27 / 40 · 6.9 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.7%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · VulDB
- 6.9
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| zapping-vbi | zvbi | cpe:2.3:a:zapping-vbi:zvbi |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- zapping-vbi zvbibefore 0.2.44
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulDB). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
n/a libzvbi
- 0.2.0, 0.2.1, 0.2.2, 0.2.3, 0.2.4, 0.2.5, 0.2.6, 0.2.7, 0.2.8, 0.2.9, 0.2.10, 0.2.11 … (+28)affected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:11 | zvbi | before 0.2.35-18+deb11u1 | 0.2.35-18+deb11u1 |
| Debian:12 | zvbi | before 0.2.41-1+deb12u1 | 0.2.41-1+deb12u1 |
| Debian:13 | zvbi | before 0.2.44-1 | 0.2.44-1 |
| openSUSE:Tumbleweed | zvbi | before 0.2.44-1.1 | 0.2.44-1.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP6 | zvbi | before 0.2.35-150000.4.3.1 | 0.2.35-150000.4.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP6 | zvbi | before 0.2.35-150000.4.3.1 | 0.2.35-150000.4.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS | zvbi | before 0.2.35-3.3.1 | 0.2.35-3.3.1 |
Same product
zapping-vbi: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2025-2177libzvbi search.c vbi_search_new integer overflow27Monitor
- CVE-2025-2174libzvbi conv.c vbi_strndup_iconv_ucs2 integer overflow27Monitor
- CVE-2025-2173libzvbi conv.c vbi_strndup_iconv_ucs2 uninitialized pointer27Monitor
- CVE-2025-2175libzvbi _vbi_strndup_iconv integer overflow21Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| n/a libzvbi | 0.2.44 · description | Vendor (CNA) |
| debian:zvbi | 0.2.41-1+deb12u1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:zvbi | 0.2.35-150000.4.3.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:zvbi | 0.2.35-150000.4.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
- Yariv Nedivifinder
- ninpwn (VulDB User)reporter
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
- CVE-2025-21740 days apartlibzvbi conv.c vbi_strndup_iconv_ucs2 integer overflow27Monitor
- CVE-2025-21770 days apartlibzvbi search.c vbi_search_new integer overflow27Monitor
- CVE-2025-21750 days apartlibzvbi _vbi_strndup_iconv integer overflow21Monitor
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- Integrity
- Availability
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- X
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-189 · Numeric ErrorsCVSS vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
nvd-secondary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- github.com/zapping-vbi/zvbi/commit/ca1672134b3e2962cd392212c73f44f8f4cb489f
- github.com/zapping-vbi/zvbi/releases/tag/v0.2.44
- github.com/zapping-vbi/zvbi/security/advisories/GHSA-g7cg-7gw9-v8cf
- vuldb.com/?ctiid.299205
- vuldb.com/?id.299205
- vuldb.com/?submit.512802
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.