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CVE-2025-21028· NVD / CVE Program· CNA SamsungMobile

Improper privilege management in ThemeManager prior to SMR Sep-2025 Release 1 allows local privileged attackers to reuse trial items.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Sep 3, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 1th percentile
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Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · SamsungMobile
5.5
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
samsungandroid

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • samsung android15.0
  • samsung android16.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (SamsungMobile). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Samsung Mobile Samsung Mobile Devices

    • SMR Sep-2025 Release in Android 15, 16not affected

Same product

samsung: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-21042Out-of-bounds write in libimagecodec.quram.so prior to SMR Apr-2025 Release 1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.KEV
    79This week
  • CVE-2025-21043Out-of-bounds write in libimagecodec.quram.so prior to SMR Sep-2025 Release 1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.KEV
    70This week
  • CVE-2021-25487Lack of boundary checking of a buffer in set_skb_priv() of modem interface driver prior to SMR Oct-2021 Release 1 allows OOB read and it resKEV
    61This week
  • CVE-2021-25337Improper access control in clipboard service in Samsung mobile devices prior to SMR Mar-2021 Release 1 allows untrusted applications to readKEV
    59Plan
  • CVE-2021-25372An improper boundary check in DSP driver prior to SMR Mar-2021 Release 1 allows out of bounds memory access.KEV
    56Plan
  • CVE-2021-25371A vulnerability in DSP driver prior to SMR Mar-2021 Release 1 allows attackers load arbitrary ELF libraries inside DSP.KEV
    56Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-20979154 days apartImproper privilege management in Settings prior to SMR Feb-2026 Release 1 allows local attackers to launch arbitrary activity with Settings
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2024-34620393 days apartImproper privilege management in SumeNNService prior to SMR Aug-2024 Release 1 allows local attackers to start privileged service.
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2026-21025275 days apartIncorrect privilege assignment in Telephony prior to SMR Jun-2026 Release 1 allows local attackers to access sensitive information.
    27Monitor
  • CVE-2026-20991194 days apartImproper privilege management in ThemeManager prior to SMR Mar-2026 Release 1 allows local privileged attackers to reuse trial contents.
    26Monitor
  • CVE-2025-2101028 days apartImproper privilege management in SamsungAccount prior to SMR Aug-2025 Release 1 allows local privileged attackers to deactivate Samsung acco
    24Monitor
  • CVE-2026-20978154 days apartImproper authorization in KnoxGuardManager prior to SMR Feb-2026 Release 1 allows local attackers to bypass the persistence configuration of
    23Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-269 · Improper Privilege Management

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

nvd-secondary

Root cause

To simplify setup, a service account is granted broad, cluster-wide permissions. The principle of least privilege is skipped during installation.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-269 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

yaml
kind: ClusterRolerules:  - apiGroups: ["*"]    resources: ["*"]    verbs: ["*"]

Fixed

yaml
kind: Rolemetadata:  namespace: lodos-systemrules:  - apiGroups: ["apps"]    resources: ["deployments"]    verbs: ["get", "list", "update"]

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

We use this product, ask for help

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records