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CVE-2025-1121· NVD / CVE Program· CNA ChromeOS

Privilege escalation in Installer and Recovery image handling in Google ChromeOS version 15786.48.2 on device allows an attacker with physic

Privilege escalation in Installer and Recovery image handling in Google ChromeOS version 15786.48.2 on device allows an attacker with physical access to gain root code execution and potentially unenroll enterprise-managed devices via a specially crafted recovery image.

MediumCVSS 6.8 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Mar 6, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 3th percentile
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Report tools

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Action score

27

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
27 / 40 · 6.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
googlechrome os

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • google chrome os15786.48.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (ChromeOS). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Google ChromeOS

    • 15786.48.2 and later · before 15786.48.2affected

Same product

google: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2014-3188Google Chrome before 38.0.2125.101 and Chrome OS before 38.0.2125.101 do not properly handle the interaction of IPC and Google V8, which all
    42Plan
  • CVE-2014-1708The boot implementation in Google Chrome OS before 33.0.1750.152 does not properly consider file persistence, which allows remote attackers
    41Plan
  • CVE-2012-2864Mesa, as used in Google Chrome before 21.0.1183.0 on the Acer AC700, Cr-48, and Samsung Series 5 and 5 550 Chromebook platforms, and the Sam
    41Plan
  • CVE-2011-0485Google Chrome before 8.0.552.237 and Chrome OS before 8.0.552.344 do not properly handle speech data, which allows remote attackers to execu
    41Plan
  • CVE-2011-0478Google Chrome before 8.0.552.237 and Chrome OS before 8.0.552.344 do not properly handle SVG use elements, which allows remote attackers to
    41Plan
  • CVE-2011-0477Google Chrome before 8.0.552.237 and Chrome OS before 8.0.552.344 do not properly handle a mismatch in video frame sizes, which allows remot
    41Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-6177102 days apartChromeOS MiniOS Root Code Execution Bypass While Dev Mode Blocked
    29Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Physical access to the device is required.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Physical
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-269 · Improper Privilege Management

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

To simplify setup, a service account is granted broad, cluster-wide permissions. The principle of least privilege is skipped during installation.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-269 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

yaml
kind: ClusterRolerules:  - apiGroups: ["*"]    resources: ["*"]    verbs: ["*"]

Fixed

yaml
kind: Rolemetadata:  namespace: lodos-systemrules:  - apiGroups: ["apps"]    resources: ["deployments"]    verbs: ["get", "list", "update"]

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

We use this product, ask for help

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records