gzip integer overflow
When libcurl is asked to perform automatic gzip decompression of content-encoded HTTP responses with the `CURLOPT_ACCEPT_ENCODING` option, **using zlib 1.2.0.3 or older**, an attacker-controlled integer overflow would make libcurl perform a buffer overflow.
- Published
- Feb 5, 2025
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 1.3% · 69th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-120
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Report tools
Action score
29
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 29 / 40 · 7.3 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 1.3%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- proof of concept
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| netapp | hci baseboard management controller | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_baseboard_management_controller |
| netapp | hci h610s firmware | cpe:2.3:o:netapp:hci_h610s_firmware |
| netapp | hci h610s | cpe:2.3:h:netapp:hci_h610s |
| netapp | hci h610c firmware | cpe:2.3:o:netapp:hci_h610c_firmware |
| netapp | hci h610c | cpe:2.3:h:netapp:hci_h610c |
| netapp | hci h615c firmware | cpe:2.3:o:netapp:hci_h615c_firmware |
| netapp | hci h615c | cpe:2.3:h:netapp:hci_h615c |
| netapp | solidfire \& hci management node | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:solidfire_\&_hci_management_node |
| netapp | solidfire \& hci storage node | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:solidfire_\&_hci_storage_node |
| haxx | curl | cpe:2.3:a:haxx:curl |
| haxx | libcurl | cpe:2.3:a:haxx:libcurl |
| zlib | zlib | cpe:2.3:a:zlib:zlib |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- haxx curl7.10.5 and later · before 8.12.0
- haxx libcurl7.10.5 and later · before 8.12.0
- netapp hci baseboard management controllerall versions
- netapp hci h610c firmwareall versions
- netapp hci h610s firmwareall versions
- netapp hci h615c firmwareall versions
- netapp solidfire & hci management nodeall versions
- netapp solidfire & hci storage nodeall versions
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (curl). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
curl curl
- 8.11.1 and later · up to and including 8.11.1affected · semver
- 8.11.0 and later · up to and including 8.11.0affected · semver
- 8.10.1 and later · up to and including 8.10.1affected · semver
- 8.10.0 and later · up to and including 8.10.0affected · semver
- 8.9.1 and later · up to and including 8.9.1affected · semver
- 8.9.0 and later · up to and including 8.9.0affected · semver
- 8.8.0 and later · up to and including 8.8.0affected · semver
- 8.7.1 and later · up to and including 8.7.1affected · semver
- 8.7.0 and later · up to and including 8.7.0affected · semver
- 8.6.0 and later · up to and including 8.6.0affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine:v3.18 | curl | from 7.10.5 · before 8.12.0-r0 | 8.12.0-r0 |
| Debian:12 | curl | all versions | — |
| Debian:13 | curl | before 8.12.0+git20250209.89ed161+ds-1 | 8.12.0+git20250209.89ed161+ds-1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS | curl | before 7.66.0-150200.4.84.1 | 7.66.0-150200.4.84.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Installer Updates 15 SP4 | curl | before 8.0.1-150400.5.62.1 | 8.0.1-150400.5.62.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | curl | before 8.6.0-150600.4.21.1 | 8.6.0-150600.4.21.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | curl | before 8.6.0-150600.4.21.1 | 8.6.0-150600.4.21.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS | curl | before 8.0.1-11.105.1 | 8.0.1-11.105.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0 | curl | before 8.6.0-6.1 | 8.6.0-6.1 |
Same product
netapp: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2023-50868The Closest Encloser Proof aspect of the DNS protocol (in RFC 5155 when RFC 9276 guidance is skipped) allows remote attackers to cause a den52Plan
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| alpine:curl | 8.12.0-r0 · Alpine:v3.18 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:curl | 8.12.0+git20250209.89ed161+ds-1 · Debian:13 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:curl | 8.6.0-150600.4.21.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:curl | 8.6.0-150600.4.21.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
- Daniel Stenbergremediation developer
- z2_finder
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- low · data can be read
- Integrity
- low · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- low · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- Low
- Integrity impact
- Low
- Availability impact
- Low
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-120 · Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
nvd-secondary
Root cause
When data is copied, the source length is not compared with the size of the destination buffer. Excess data overwrites adjacent memory.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-120 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
char buf[256];memcpy(buf, pkt->data, pkt->len);Fixed
char buf[256];if (pkt->len > sizeof(buf)) { return -EINVAL;}memcpy(buf, pkt->data, pkt->len);Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment VariablesCAPEC-10likelihood: High · High
- Overflow BuffersCAPEC-100likelihood: High · Very High
- Client-side Injection-induced Buffer OverflowCAPEC-14likelihood: Medium · High
- Filter Failure through Buffer OverflowCAPEC-24likelihood: High · High
- MIME ConversionCAPEC-42likelihood: High · High
- Overflow Binary Resource FileCAPEC-44likelihood: High · Very High
- Buffer Overflow via Symbolic LinksCAPEC-45likelihood: High · High
- Overflow Variables and TagsCAPEC-46likelihood: High · High
ATT&CK techniques
—
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-0725.html
- curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-0725.json
- www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/02/05/3
- www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/02/06/2
- www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/02/06/4
- github.com/curl/curl/commit/76f83f0db23846e254d940ec7
- security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250306-0009/
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.