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CVE-2023-46245· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

Kimai (Authenticated) SSTI to RCE by Uploading a Malicious Twig File

Kimai is a web-based multi-user time-tracking application. Versions prior to 2.1.0 are vulnerable to a Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) which can be escalated to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The vulnerability arises when a malicious user uploads a specially crafted Twig file, exploiting the software's PDF and HTML rendering functionalities. Version 2.1.0 enables security measures for custom Twig templates.

HighCVSS 7.2 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

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Published
Oct 31, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
1.5% · 73th percentile
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Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.2 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.5%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.2
CNA · GitHub_M
7.2
agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
kimaikimai

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • kimai kimaiup to 2.10 inclusive

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • kimai kimai

    • < 2.1.0affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Packagistkimai/kimaibefore 2.1.02.1.0

Same product

kimai: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2020-19825Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in kevinpapst kimai2 1.30.0 in /src/Twig/Runtime/MarkdownExtension.php, allows attackers to gain es
    38Monitor
  • CVE-2026-80202Kimai before 2.56.0 Authorization Bypass via TimesheetVoter
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-52824Kimai: Default APP_SECRET in Docker Image Enables Cookie Forgery and Account Takeover
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-80198Kimai before 2.56.0 Information Disclosure via config() Twig Function
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-80197Kimai before 2.57.0 Improper Authorization via Favorite Endpoints
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-80196Kimai before 2.58.0 Authentication Bypass via Password Reset Link
    34Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Packagist:kimai/kimai2.1.0Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-1336 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records