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CVE-2023-45869· NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

ILIAS 7.25 (2023-09-12) allows any authenticated user to execute arbitrary operating system commands remotely, when a highly privileged acco

ILIAS 7.25 (2023-09-12) allows any authenticated user to execute arbitrary operating system commands remotely, when a highly privileged account accesses an XSS payload. The injected commands are executed via the exec() function in the execQuoted() method of the ilUtil class (/Services/Utilities/classes/class.ilUtil.php) This allows attackers to inject malicious commands into the system, potentially compromising the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the ILIAS installation and the underlying operating system.

CriticalCVSS 9.0 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Oct 26, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.8% · 53th percentile
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Action score

36

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
36 / 40 · 9.0 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.8%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
9.0
CNA · mitre
9.0
agree

CVSS:3.1/AC:L/AV:N/A:H/C:H/I:H/PR:L/S:C/UI:R

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
iliasilias

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • ilias ilias7.25

Same product

ilias: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2023-36487The password reset function in ILIAS 7.0_beta1 through 7.20 and 8.0_beta1 through 8.1 allows remote attackers to take over the account.
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2022-45915ILIAS before 7.16 allows OS Command Injection.
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2020-23996A local file inclusion vulnerability in ILIAS before 5.3.19, 5.4.10 and 6.0 allows remote authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2020-25268Remote Code Execution can occur via the external news feed in ILIAS 6.4 because of incorrect parameter sanitization for Magpie RSS data.
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2023-45868The Learning Module in ILIAS 7.25 (2023-09-12 release) allows an attacker (with basic user privileges) to achieve a high-impact Directory Tr
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2008-5816SQL injection vulnerability in repository.php in ILIAS 3.7.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the r
    30Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2024-33526208 days apartA Stored Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the "Import of user role and title of user role" feature in ILIAS 7 before 7.30 and ILI
    28Monitor
  • CVE-2023-36484119 days apartILIAS 7.21 and 8.0_beta1 through 8.2 is vulnerable to reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).
    24Monitor
  • CVE-2023-36488119 days apartILIAS 7.21 and 8.0_beta1 through 8.2 is vulnerable to stored Cross Site Scripting (XSS).
    21Monitor
  • CVE-2024-33527208 days apartA Stored Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the "Import of Users and login name of user" feature in ILIAS 7 before 7.30 and ILIAS 8
    21Monitor
  • CVE-2022-45916324 days apartILIAS before 7.16 allows XSS.
    21Monitor
  • CVE-2024-33528208 days apartA Stored Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in ILIAS 7 before 7.30 and ILIAS 8 before 8.11 allows remote authenticated attackers with
    18Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-79 · Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

User content is inserted into the page as HTML. The browser interprets the content as code rather than data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-79 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

ts
commentEl.innerHTML = comment.body;

Fixed

ts
commentEl.textContent = comment.body;

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

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Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

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