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CVE-2023-42101· NVD / CVE Program· CNA zdi

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt AR File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt AR File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of AR files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. . Was ZDI-CAN-20418.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.0—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
May 2, 2024
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 45th percentile
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Report tools

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Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · zdi
7.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
ashlarcobalt

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • ashlar cobalt12.0.1204.61

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (zdi). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt

    • Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt 12 beta build 1204.61affected

Same product

ashlar: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2023-34293Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2023-40222Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt, Xenon, Argon, Lithium Heap-based Buffer Overflow
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2023-39943Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt, Xenon, Argon, Lithium Out-of-bounds Write
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2025-11465Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2025-11464Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2025-11463Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt XE File Parsing Integer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2023-343030 days apartAshlar-Vellum Cobalt Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2023-357140 days apartAshlar-Vellum Cobalt IGS File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2023-357160 days apartAshlar-Vellum Cobalt AR File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2025-2012313 days apartAshlar-Vellum Cobalt VS File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2025-8003503 days apartAshlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2025-8004503 days apartAshlar-Vellum Cobalt XE File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    31Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

We use this product, ask for help

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records