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CVE-2022-4457· NVD / CVE Program· CNA cloudflare

WARP client manifest misconfiguration leading to Task Hijacking

Due to a misconfiguration in the manifest file of the WARP client for Android, it was possible to a perform a task hijacking attack. An attacker could create a malicious mobile application which could hijack legitimate app and steal potentially sensitive information when installed on the victim's device.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jan 11, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 5th percentile
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Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · cloudflare
5.5
agree

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
cloudflarewarp

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • cloudflare warpbefore 6.20

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (cloudflare). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Cloudflare WARP

    • before <6.20affected · semver

Same product

cloudflare: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2022-3320Bypassing Cloudflare Zero Trust policies using warp-cli set-custom-endpoint command
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2022-3512Lock WARP switch bypass using warp-cli 'add-trusted-ssid' command
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2022-4428support_uri validation missing in WARP client for Windows
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2023-0652Local Privilege Escalation in Cloudflare WARP Installer (Windows)
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2023-1412Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in WARP's MSI Installer
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2022-2225Zero Trust Secure Web Gateway policies bypass using WARP client subcommands
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Cloudflare WARP<6.20Vendor (CNA)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-200 · Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

nvd-primary

Root cause

The extension requests broader permissions than its function needs and sends the data it collects out for purposes beyond its stated function.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-200 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

json
{  "permissions": ["tabs", "<all_urls>"],  "background": { "service_worker": "analytics.js" }}

Fixed

json
{  "permissions": ["activeTab"],  "host_permissions": ["https://yildiz.example/*"]}

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

We use this product, ask for help

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records