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CVE-2026-25941· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

FreeRDP: vuln_1_15_1 RDPGFX WIRE_TO_SURFACE_2 Out-of-Bounds Read

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Versions on the 2.x branch prior to to 2.11.8 and on the 3.x branch prior to 3.23.0 have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the FreeRDP client's RDPGFX channel that allows a malicious RDP server to read uninitialized heap memory by sending a crafted WIRE_TO_SURFACE_2 PDU with a `bitmapDataLength` value larger than the actual data in the packet. This can lead to information disclosure or client crashes when a user connects to a malicious server. Versions 2.11.8 and 3.23.0 fix the issue.

HighCVSS 8.1 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 25, 2026
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.4% · 34th percentile
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Action score

32

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
32 / 40 · 8.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
8.1
CNA · GitHub_M
4.3
3.8 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
freerdpfreerdp

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • freerdp freerdp2.0.0 and later · before 2.11.8
  • freerdp freerdp3.0.0 and later · before 3.23.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • FreeRDP FreeRDP

    • >= 2.0.0, < 2.11.8, >= 3.0.0, < 3.23.0affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12freerdp2all versions—
Debian:13freerdp3before 3.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u13.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u1
Debian:14freerdp3before 3.23.0+dfsg-13.23.0+dfsg-1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedfreerdpbefore 3.24.1-1.13.24.1-1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedfreerdp2before 2.11.7-8.12.11.7-8.1

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2018-8787FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Integer Overflow that leads to a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function gdi_Bitmap_Decompress
    42Plan
  • CVE-2018-8788FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Out-Of-Bounds Write of up to 4 bytes in function nsc_rle_decode() that results in a memory co
    41Plan
  • CVE-2018-8786FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains an Integer Truncation that leads to a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function update_read_bitmap_
    41Plan
  • CVE-2018-8785FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function zgfx_decompress() that results in a memory corruption a
    41Plan
  • CVE-2018-8784FreeRDP prior to version 2.0.0-rc4 contains a Heap-Based Buffer Overflow in function zgfx_decompress_segment() that results in a memory corr
    41Plan
  • CVE-2024-32460FreeRDP Out-Of-Bounds Read in interleaved_decompress
    40Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:freerdp33.15.0+dfsg-2.1+deb13u1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:freerdp3.24.1-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:freerdp22.11.7-8.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-67296157 days apartFreeRDP before 3.29.0 Denial of Service via RDPEI PDU
    34Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Noroxi analysis

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Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

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